摘要
近年来我国煤炭资源富集区的开发力度空前加大,目前已经初步形成了煤炭—火电—煤化工一体化开发的态势。然而,煤炭资源富集区大多生态脆弱、水资源短缺,这一开发模式与区域主导生态功能存在尖锐冲突。重点剖析了内蒙古锡林郭勒盟煤、电、煤化工发展中存在的问题,认为突出表现在以下几个方面,即现有开发模式的可持续性较差、生态和景观破坏严重、水资源供需矛盾突出、生态建设具有盲目性。要实现资源开发与生态保护的协调发展,就必须调整区域开发模式,控制资源开发范围,加大生态建设投入,并探索适用的生态建设模式。从长远来看,要实现煤炭资源富集区的可持续发展,应通过国土规划明确区域功能定位,建立规范的生态补偿机制,编制综合性区域开发规划,并加强矿区生态恢复技术研究。
With the energy demand increased significantly as well as international oil prices continued to rise,the exploitation intensity in coal-rich regions in China was enhanced correspondingly.The coal mining,thermal power and coal chemical industries tend to be concentrated which formed the basic development model in coal-rich regions.But on the other hand,most of the coal-rich regions in China are ecological sensitive and face the problem of water shortage.The above activity will inevitably impact the local dominant ecological function.In order to illustrate this issue,the main problems in coal mining,thermal power and coal chemical industry in Xilin Gol League were analyzed.They are reflected in the following aspects:current development model lacks sustainability;ecological and landscape impact is outstanding;conflict between water supply and demand is prominent;ecological construction model is not fit to the local conditions.In order to reconcile the resources exploitation and the ecological protection,the following measures should be adopted:adjusting the regional development model;narrowing the scope of coal mine exploitation;increasing invest on the ecological construction;exploring the applicable eco-construction model.In the long term,4 countermeasures should be considered to promote the sustainable development in coal-rich regions:clearing regional functions through the land planning;establishing ecological compensation mechanism;preparing the comprehensive regional development plan;strengthening the study of ecological restoration techniques.
作者
耿海清
陈帆
刘杰
安祥华
蔡斌彬
Geng Haiqing;Chen Fan;Liu Jie;An Xianghua;Cai Binbin(Appraisal Center for Environment&Engineering,Ministry of Environmental Protection,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《地域研究与开发》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第4期32-37,共6页
Areal Research and Development
基金
环境保护部环保公益性行业科研专项项目(200809072)
关键词
煤炭
富集区
开发模式
锡林郭勒盟
coal mine
coal-rich regions
development model
Xilin Gol League
