摘要
换取清洁提单保函在本质上属于合同,是托运人和承运人之间达成的一项由托运人附条件在一定范围内向承运人赔偿损失的协议,并不因为主体不同而构成某种特殊的合同。其有担保之功能,但主要功能在于确定责任承担,而不是担保债的履行,所以在法律性质上并不属于担保。就其法律效力而言,保函在承托双方为善意的情况下应赋予法律上的效力。但在决定其有效或无效时应当考虑目前法在整个社会规制中的地位、现实需要、国际做法与我国的实践、善意标准的确立和法官的自由裁量权的行使等诸多因素。
In essence, letters of guarantee in exchange for clean bill of lading is a contract between the shippers and the carriers; the shippers conditionally make some compensation for the loss of the carriers. It is not a special contract because of the different agents and it has the function of guarantee, but the main function of the contract is to determine accountability instead of performing guarantee bonds, so by the legal nature it is not a guarantee contract. With respect to its legal potency, the letter of guarantee, if both parties have good will, should be given legal potency. However, when determining whether it＇ s effective or ineffective, some factors should be taken into account, such as the role of law in the present social system, real needs, international and Chinese practices, the standard of good will and the exertion of the free jurisdiction of judges.
出处
《经济经纬》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第4期153-156,共4页
Economic Survey
关键词
清洁提单
保函
法律性质
效力
辨析
clean bill of lading
letter of guarantee
legal nature
potency
discrimination and analysis
