摘要
本实验选取参加全国大学生运动会赛前集训的长跑运动员１０名（男、女各５名），于集训初期进行了３０００米成绩测试，经过２个月课余训练，进行了第二次５０００米测试，于长跑测试前后分别采取血样进行有关指标测定。结果显示，两次耐力运动后红细胞数量（ＲＢＣ）和血红蛋白（Ｈｂ）含量均比运动前明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。为探讨其下降机制，同步检测了血清铁蛋白（ＳＦ）和转铁蛋白（ＴＦ）。结果在两次不同距离练习后变化不相一致。第一次３０００米跑后，表现为ＳＦ和ＴＦ的下降（Ｐ＜０．０５），揭示此种情况下的ＲＢＣ和Ｈｂ下降可能由于低铁及ＳＦ、ＴＦ的低水平，使Ｈｂ、ＲＢＣ生成减少所引起；第二次５０００米跑后，表现为ＳＦ和ＴＦ的上升（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示此时的ＲＢＣ、Ｈｂ的降低可能由于长时间运动导致红细胞和Ｈｂ的破坏所引起，因为血清铁蛋白及转铁蛋白大多是由受损红细胞或死亡红细胞释放至血清的。另外，阶段性训练（２个月）前后对比可见，安静时ＳＦ在训练后期明显降低，提示长期大运动量耐力训练可能导致潜在的或早期缺铁症状。而训练后期的ＴＦ则有所上升，提示适应性铁转运加强。这就为运动性贫血及其机制的探讨提供了重要依据。
long distance racers were selected and trained for the National Games of University Students. Their results of 3000 metres event were measured at the early stage of training, then the results of 5000m event were measured two months later.The blood amples before and after endurance exercise were collected and measured. The results showed that RBC and Hb of endurance runners obviously decreased after 3000m and 5000m running (P<0.01). The measured results of serun ferritin (SF) and transferrin (TF) changed differently after two events. SF and TF decreased after 3000m, but increased after 5000m (P<0.05) .The former indicated that the decrease of RBC and Hb after 3000m was perhaps due to the reduction of their productions. The later revealed that the decrease of RBC and Hb after 5000m was probablly caused by their injury after longer time exercise, because serun ferritin and transferrin are mainly released from injured and dead red cells. After two months of training, SF at rest was reduced, and TF at rest was reduced, and TF at rest was increased.This indicate that a long period of high-loaded endurance training perhaps caused the potential or early period iron deficiency, at the same time transportation of iron was enhanced.AⅡ these provide evaluable evidences for the athletic anemia and its mechanism.
出处
《体育与科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
1999年第1期38-40,共3页
Sports & Science
