摘要
目的了解呼吸道合胞病毒（ＲＳＶ）的亚型感染情况及其所致毛细支气管炎的临床特征。方法（１）对１９９５年冬～１９９７年春住院的８５例临床拟诊为毛细支气管炎的患儿进行鼻咽分泌物病毒培养、抗原检测及ＲＳＶ阳性分离株的单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光法亚型鉴定；（２）分析亚型感染病例的临床资料。结果（１）共培养出ＲＳＶ２株，阳性率为２６％，经鉴定全部为Ａ亚型株；（２）２２例Ａ亚型ＲＳＶ毛细支气管炎中幼婴（１～６月龄）占８２％，男∶女＝４５∶１；发热小于３８℃（５４％），起病２天后出现喘憋（６４％），胸部Ｘ线表现为两肺野片状阴影和肺气肿影者分别占７％和６４％。经临床Ｌｏｗｅｌ评分，８例评为重症。结论（１）１９９５年冬～１９９７年春住院ＲＳＶ毛细支气管炎的抗原亚型是Ａ亚型；（２）Ａ亚型ＲＳＶ毛细支气管炎临床特征主要有：幼婴为多，低热和喘憋出现较早等。
Objective To understand the etiological and clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroups.Methods Eighty five specimens of nasopharyngeal aspirates from infants with bronchiolitis admitted to the Affiliated Children′s Hospital of the Capital Institute of Pediatrics during the period of the winter of 1995 through the spring of 1997 were cultured for viruses, and RSV antigen in the nasopharyngeal cells was also detected, followed by subgroup identification of RSV positive isolates by using monoclonal antibodies and indirect immunofluorescent technique. The clinical data of the patients diagnosed etiologically as RSV subgroup infection were analyzed.Results Twenty two RSV isolates were obtained and the positive rate was 26%; the 22 isolates were all identified as RSV subgroup A. The young infants with RSV subgroup A bronchiolitis (1～6 month of age) accounted for 82% and the male: female ratio was 4.5∶1. The patients presented a low grade fever (<38℃) and an early wheezing (2 days right after the onset) accounted for 54% and 64%, respectively. The radiological findings were patches in both lungs (77%) and hyperinflation (64%), etc. Assessed by the Lowell score system, 8 out of 22 cases were considered as severe cases.Conclusions The subtype of RSV caused bronchiolitis in infants hospitalized in our institute from the winter of 1995 through the spring of 1997 was subtype A. These data showed that the RSV subgroup A mainly attacked young infants, and a low grade fever, an early wheezing, etc. were the main characteristics of the infection.
出处
《中华儿科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第1期32-34,共3页
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics
