摘要
2010年5月在德国埃森召开的＂第18届世界氢能大会＂上,来自美国、德国、日本、中国等国家的代表介绍了各自国家最新的氢能进展。中国科技部部长万钢出席大会并发言指出：中国要制订国家氢能规划,加大对氢能的投入,扩大氢能示范和应用,加强氢能的国际合作。美国能源部Nancy L Garland博士和Michacel Mills介绍了美国氢能的总体情况,指出：目前美国每年生产5000×104m3氢气,拥有氢气管道3000km以上,现有氢燃料电池轿车230多辆,氢燃料电池公共汽车130多辆,加氢站约200座。在燃料电池商业化方面,美国仍存在着技术上和经济性方面的障碍。在2007-2010财政年度,美国通过立法和各类货款、补贴,进一步加大了对氢能的扶持力度,美国能源部多次联合其他机构,召开氢能基础设施研讨会,就降低燃料电池成本、氢能政策、税收、碳税、氢能信息和教育、燃料电池革新方向,以及新的商业模式等进行讨论。目前,美国加州是美国最积极推进氢燃料电池技术与示范的州,该州预计于2016-2018年,其氢燃料电池轿车数量将达到54300辆,并计划进一步发展氢能高速公路。德国国家全资公司NOW公司总经理波霍夫博士等人介绍了德国的氢能进展。主要内容包括：德国准备到2015年,共建造1000座加氢站,将为10×104辆氢燃料电池车提供氢气;德国在氢气来源方面,2020年以前主要来源于副产氢气和天然气制氢,2030年以后主要依靠煤制氢（集合CO2捕集）、风能制氢、生物质能制氢等。日本为了尽快研发、推广燃料电池车,采取了全额投入经费的办法,委托日本产业省（METI）的全资公司VEDO公司负责管理＂日本氢能和燃料电池示范项目（JHFC）＂,该项目的目标之一,就是到2025年,在全日本建立1000座加氢站。
At the 18th World Hydrogen Energy Conference 2010 held in May 2010 in Essen,Germany,representatives from the United States,Germany,Japan,China and some other countries outlined their respective countries＇ progress in hydrogen energy development.Wan Gang,Chinese Minister of Science and Technology,told the conference in his speech that China will work out a national hydrogen energy development plan,increase its investment in hydrogen energy,expand the scale of demonstration and application of hydrogen energy and step up its cooperation with international investors of hydrogen energy.Dr.Nancy L Garland and Michacel Mills from the US Department of Energy gave a brief introduction to the United States＇ overall utilization of hydrogen energy.According to them,the United States produces 5000 ×104m3 of hydrogen annually and has over 3,000km of hydrogen pipelines,more than 230 hydrogen fuel cell cars,more than 130 hydrogen fuel cell buses and around 200 hydrogen filling stations.On the commercialization of fuel cells,the United States still has some technical and economic obstacles to overcome.During the 2007-2010 fiscal years,through legislation,loaning and subsidization,the United States strengthened its support to the development of hydrogen energy.The Department of Energy held hydrogen energy infrastructure seminars in cooperation with other institutions multiple times to discuss ways of reducing fuel cell costs,hydrogen energy policies,taxation,carbon tax,hydrogen energy information and education,fuel cell innovation direction and new business modes.California is currently the most active state in the United States to push hydrogen fuel cell technology and demonstration.The number of hydrogen fuel cell cars in the state is expected to hit 54,300 between 2016 and 2018.Klaus Bonhoff,the managing director of Germany＇s NOW National Organisation Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Technologies,outlined Germany＇ s progress in developing hydrogen energy：Germany plans to establish 1,000 hydrogen filling stations by 2015,which would be able to supply hydrogen to 10×104 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles;by 2020,most hydrogen used as fuel in Germany will come from hydrogen produced as byproduct and natural gas-based hydrogen production and after 2030 most hydrogen in Germany will come from coal-to-hydrogen projects（combined with CO2 capture）,wind energy-to-hydrogen projects and biomass-to-hydrogen projects.To promote the RD and use of fuel cell vehicles,Japan authorized VEDO,a wholly owned subsidiary of METI,to manage Japan Hydrogen Fuel Cell Demonstration Project.One objective of the project is to establish 1000 hydrogen filling stations across Japan by 2025.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2010年第7期29-34,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
