摘要
刺五加（Ｅｌｅｕｔｈｅｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓｓｅｎｔｉｃｏｓｕｓ（Ｒｕｐｒ．ｅｔＭａｘｉｍ）Ｍａｘｉｍ）种子为扁肾形，种皮由一层细胞构成。种子脱落时，胚处于心形胚期，胚周围的胚乳细胞解体形成囊腔包裹胚，胚细胞原生质浓厚，胚乳细胞中贮存大量蛋白质和脂类，但两者均未见贮存多糖，有萌发潜能的种子只占全部种子的１２．８０％。种子经变温层积处理６个月即可完成后熟过程，其细胞化学特点是：处理１．５个月时胚细胞中开始积累多糖颗粒，至４个月时达最大量并一直保持至种子萌发。试验地种植条件下饱满种子经１８－２０个月后萌发，出苗率为１０％，其细胞化学特点是：处理１２个月以后，胚细胞中开始逐渐积累多糖颗粒，至种子萌发时达最大量。刺五加种子质量差、自然状态后熟时间长和出苗率低。
Seeds of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr.et Maxim) Maxim are flat kidneyshaped and their seed coats are only composed of one layer of cells.Embryos with abundant proteins in their cells,are just at the heart shaped stage and are capped by sacs formed from degenerating endosperm cells when seeds shed from their maternal plants.Lots of the stored proteins and lipids exist in endosperm cells but no starch grains either in endosperm cells or in embryo cells.The rate of seeds of being able to germinate in total seeds is 12.80%.The afterripening process of the seeds,which are stratified at different temperatures,ends after 6 months and the cytochemistry features of the seeds are that starch grains initiate a stimulation in embryo cells after 1.5 months and are up to the highest content after 4 months till at the germinating stage of seeds.The plump seeds germinate in the field after 18 to 20 months and their germinating rate is 10%;besides,a few starch grains initiate a stimulation in embryo cells after 12 months and reach the highest content at the germinating stage of seeds.Features of the seeds being of worse quality,much lower germination rate and longer time of afterripening in a natural state are a weak link of sexual reproduction of this species.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
1999年第1期7-13,共7页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
刺五加
种子结构
后熟作用
细胞化学
Eleutherococcus senticosus ,seed structure,afterripening,cytochemistry
