摘要
目的:分析我院2008年5月～2009年4月门诊各科使用镇静催眠药的情况,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:对门诊各科开具的专用精神药品处方资料进行统计,分析其在性别、年龄、病种、所服药物种类、病程、依赖性等方面的临床分布特点。结果:专用精神药品处方1914张,占全年同期门诊总处方数164529张的1.16%。服用镇静催眠药的患者人数1636例,女性860例(52.57%),男性776例(47.43%),年龄分布较散,以30～60岁居多,为891例,占64.94%。病种以原发性失眠症最多,其次为甲状腺功能亢进症、癫痫症,分别为1081例(66.08%)、169例(10.33%)、114例(6.97%)。所服药物为苯二氮类,巴比妥类,其中有少数使用注射用地西泮及注射用苯巴比妥钠。各类镇静催眠药均存在不同程度精神依赖性,药物依赖者共计57例(2.97%),通过笔者门诊取药窗口统计及询问患者得出,依赖者服药持续时间至少2年以上,最长36年。结论:面对使用人群的逐渐低龄化,应充分考虑此药可能带来的不良反应,需防止药物依赖的发生,尤其是中老年人群,易形成药物依赖,应加强认知行为治疗或给予依赖性相对较小的非苯二氮类药物。
OBJECTIVE：To review the utilization of sedative-hypnotics in outpatients from different department of our hospital from May 2008 to April 2009 for references of rational drug use.METHODS：The outpatient prescriptions of special psychiatric drugs were analyzed statistically in respect of patients age and sex,pathologic entity,categories of drugs,course of disease and drug dependence etc.RESULTS：The prescriptions for special psychiatric drugs which totaled 1 914 pieces accounted for 1.16% of all the outpatient prescriptions（164 529） over the same period.The number of patients taking sedative hypnotics totaled 1 636 cases,in which,860（52.57%） were female versus 776 cases（47.43%） male,and the patients age varied greatly,with 891（64.94%） aged from 30 to 60 years.Regarding the pathologic entities,primary insomnia took the lead with 1 081 cases（66.08%）,followed by hyperthyroidism with 169 cases（10.33%） and epilepsy with 114 cases（6.97%）.The drugs administered included benzodiazepine and barbiturates,a small quantity of diazepam for injection andphenobarbital sodium forinjection,all kinds of sedative-hypnotics showed varying degrees of psychic dependence.Drug dependence occurred in a total of 57 cases（2.97%）,and a statistical analysis and inquiry on the outpatients at drug-dispensing window showed that the duration of drug dependence ranged from 2 years to 36 years.CONCLUSION：Given the younger age of patients,great importance should be taken to the possible adverse drug reactions of sedative hypnotics.Efforts should be taken to prevent the occurrence of drug dependence,which is more likely to occur in older patients,intensify cognitive-behavioral therapy or give non-benzodiazepine drugs that of less drug dependence.
出处
《中国医院用药评价与分析》
2010年第6期505-507,共3页
Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China
关键词
镇静催眠药
药物依赖
合理应用
Sedative hypnotics
Drug dependence
Rational use
