摘要
目的探讨重症监护室(ICU)呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的病原菌分布及耐药情况。方法对某院ICU 2006年1月-2009年1月诊断为VAP的106例患者病原学资料进行回顾性分析。结果检出病原菌247株,其中革兰阴性菌162株(65.59%),主要为铜绿假单胞菌(55株)、鲍曼不动杆菌(34株);革兰阳性菌35株(14.17%),主要为金黄色葡萄球菌(31株),其中耐甲氧西林株22株(70.97%);真菌50株,占20.24%。铜绿假单胞菌耐药率<30%的抗菌药物依次为亚胺培南/西司他汀、妥布霉素、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢他啶;金黄色葡萄球菌特别是MRSA除对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感外,对克林霉素、青霉素、红霉素、阿米卡星耐药率均>80%。结论医院ICU中VAP病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,细菌耐药普遍。
Objective To explore the pathogenic distribution and drug resistance of ventilator-associated pneumo- nia（VAP） in ICU. Methods Etiological data of 106 patients who were diagnosed as VAP from January,2006 to January, 2009 in a hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 247 pathogens were isolated, 162 （65.59%） were gram-negative bacteria, the main bacteria of which were Pseudomonas aeruginosa （55 strains） and Acinetobacter baumannii （34 strains） ; 35 strains （14. 17%） were gram-positive bacteria, the main bacteria of which were Staphylococcus aureus （31 strains）, 22 （70. 97%） of which were methicillin-resistant; 50 （20. 24o/00） fungi strains were isolated. Drug resistant rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to imipenem/cilastatin, tobramycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and ceftazidime were all 〈30%; Staphylococcus aureus, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to vaneomycin and teicoplain, but resistant rates to clindamycin, penicillin, erythromycin and amikacin were all 〉80%. Conclusion VAP in ICU is mainly induced by gram-negative bacteria, and drug resistance are common.
出处
《中国感染控制杂志》
CAS
2010年第3期167-169,共3页
Chinese Journal of Infection Control
关键词
呼吸机相关性肺炎
重症监护室
医院感染
病原菌
抗药性
微生物
ventilator-associated pneumonia
intensive care unit
nosocomial infection
pathogen
drug resist ance, microbial
