摘要
克罗恩病(CD)是一种病因未明确的侵犯胃肠全层的慢性炎症性疾病。病理学上可分为早期、活动期、慢性炎症期或消退期等。临床上相应可分早期、活动期、缓解期或慢性活动期。中国近年发病率有明显增高趋势,推算的发病率与患病率分别为0.848/10万和2.29/10万。肠道黏膜免疫学障碍的研究,很多已得到临床证实与应用。大体病理学特点为节段性(跳跃性)溃疡、卵石征、透壁性炎症和(或)瘘管及肠腔狭窄等;显微镜下可见淋巴细胞浸润,灶性分布,隐窝破坏,裂隙状溃疡及非干酪坏死性肉芽肿等。临床表现为腹痛腹泻,发热与消瘦等。必须依据患者的临床资料综合分析后才能作出诊断。不及时规范治疗,大多数患者需手术治疗,但仍会复发。平均期望寿命略低于正常人。
Crohn＇s disease （CD） is a chronic, relapsing and disabling inflammatory bowel disease. Although the cause is unknown, defects in innate and adaptive immune pathways have been identified and biological therapies that target key molecules have been designed and dramatically improved treatment of CD patients. The disease is currently increasing in China. The symptoms of CD are heterogeneous but commonly include abdominal pain, diarrhea and weight loss, which are largely dependent on the stages （early, active, remitted, and chronic active stages ,respectively） of the disease. A single gold standard for the diagnosis of CD is not available. The diagnosis is confirmed by clinical evaluation and a combination of endoscopic, histological, radiological, and/or biochemical investigations. Behavior of the disease varies substantially during its course. About 13%- 20% of patients with CD have a chronic active course of disease. 67% - 73% have a chronic intermittent course for several years. After 20 years most patients will need surgery. The life expectancy is slightly reduced.
出处
《中国实用内科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期581-582,共2页
Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine
