摘要
研究的主要目标是针对森林生态系统寻求适宜的补偿标准的方法,从而制定出合理的生态补偿标准。首先运用生态区位商的方法将海南省森林生态系统服务划分为一级主导生态系统服务、二级主导生态系统服务和潜在生态系统服务三类。研究结果显示生物多样性保护、景观游憩和环境净化等划分为一级主导森林生态系统服务;养分循环和水源涵养划为二级主导森林生态系统服务;气候调节、土壤保育、制氧以及林副、木产品为潜在森林生态系统服务。分类结果在现实中符合海南省森林生态系统特征情况。其次,运用恩格尔系数与皮尔生长曲线模型相结合的补偿系数法计算生态补偿系数,结果为0.170。该数据说明现今中国的经济发展刚达到小康水平,人们对于森林生态价值的认识和需求处于初级阶段,因此制定补偿系数不宜太高。根据森林生态系统服务的分类及生态补偿系数的结果,计算出分三个阶段执行的生态补偿标准:在第一阶段,补偿标准为947元/(hm2.a);第二阶段补偿标准提高为1 946元/(hm2.a);第三阶段,补偿标准为2 966元/(hm2.a)。
Ecological compensation is a hot topic and focus in China, and the ecological compensation standard is one of the core scientific questions that needs to be resolved urgently. This study presents a ecological-economic model combining with Ecological Location Quotient （ELQ）, Engel coefficient and Pearl＇ s Logistic growth curve to estimate the eeo-eompensation requirements for forest ecosystem conservation on the Hainan Island, China. Firstly, we use ELQ method to i- dentify the major types of forest ecosystem services. It is found that the ecosystem services provid- ed by Hainan＇ s forest ecosystem can be classified into predominant, secondary and potential types. Predominant ecosystem services include biodiversity protection, recreation, eeotourism and environmental purification. Nutrient cycling and water conservation belong to the secondary type and other services such as climate regulation, soil conservation, oxygen release and forest products to the potential type. Secondly, the appropriate levels of eco-compensation are calculated u- sing the method of the eeo-eompensation coefficient （ECC）, which combines the Engel coefficient （household expenditure on food） with Pearl＇ s logistic growth model. The results show that the coo-compensation coefficient takes a value of 0. 170. It means the people＇ s willingness of payment for ecosystem services is not very high, restricted by the current regional economic development. Given the results of ELQ and ECC, we draw up the compensation standards at respective three phases of economic growth, namely, 947 RMB yuan/（hm2 · a）, 1946 yuan/（hm2 · a）, and 2966 yuan/（hm2 · a）. The existing eeo-mechanisms and calculated compensation standards are reasonable and feasible for adaptation. This provides guidelines for implementing eco-compensation not only in Hainan but also in other parts of China.
出处
《自然资源学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期735-745,共11页
Journal of Natural Resources
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB421106)
国家科技支撑计划(2006BAC08B06)
科技部国际合作专项(0813)
关键词
生态补偿
森林生态系统
生态区位商
生态补偿系数
海南省
eco-compensation
forest ecosystem services
ecological location quotient
eco-compensation coefficient
Hainan
