摘要
在试验基地观察澳洲坚果花的生长动态及访花者的访花规律;琼脂法测定澳洲坚果花粉的萌发率;联苯氨-过氧化氢法测定柱头可授性。结果表明:柱头与花药之间的距离为(5.1±1)mm,开花后花粉堆积在柱头上;5个品种中D的花粉萌发率最高,为66%;开花前1天与开花第1天的花粉萌发率最高、花粉管长度最长,平均分别为63%和64.1μm;澳洲坚果的柱头可授期可达10d,最佳可授期是开花前1天和开花第1、2天。澳洲坚果访花昆虫在访花期有2个活动高峰期,即11:00～12:00和15:00～17:00,开放当天的花序和盛花期树上的访花者最多。访花者以膜翅目、双翅目昆虫为主。
Development dynamics of macadamia flower and visiting rules of the pollinators were observed in an experimental macadamia base with 5 cultivars O.C, D, H2, Guang11 and HAES849 involved. Pollen germination rate was detected in agar medium, and the stigma receptivity was tested with benzidine-H2O2. The distance between the stigma and anthers measured （5.1±1）mm; pollens were piled up on the stigma after flowering; pollen germination rate of the cultivar D was 6%, the highest among the 5 cultivars; pollen germination rate was the highest（63% by average）, and pollen tube the longest（64.1 μm） one day prior to flowering and in the first day of flowering. The stigma receptivity in macadamia could last for 10 days, and was the highest one day before flowering and in the first and second day of flowering. The two visiting rush hours for pollinators were 11：00~12：00 and 15：00~17：00. Pollinators were the largest in number visiting the trees the day when raceme flowered or when the trees were at the full-bloom stage. Flower visitors were mainly insects of Hymenoptera and diptera.
出处
《热带作物学报》
CSCD
2010年第3期349-354,共6页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
云南省重点新产品开发计划“澳洲坚果新品种(系)选育”(2009BB005)
农业部热带作物资源保护项目“澳洲坚果种质资源保护”资助
