摘要
针对新疆生态与环境的基本特点和公路建设的实际,建立了一套包括影响和决定土壤侵蚀敏感性、沙漠化敏感性、土壤盐渍化敏感性和生物多样性与生境敏感性,能够全面反映新疆环境综合敏感性的评价指标体系。应用层次分析法(AHP)确定各评估因子的权值。根据各评估因子在土壤侵蚀敏感性、沙漠化敏感性、土壤盐渍化敏感性和生物多样性与生境敏感性4个专题中的量化级别累积模型和4个专题中的敏感性指数权重累积模型,计算出区域生态敏感性指数,采用聚类分析法完成生态敏感性分区。在此基础上,叠加新疆公路线位,以公路穿越的生态敏感区的类型表示路段的生态敏感性,完成新疆公路路域生态敏感性的分段研究。将新疆公路建设路域环境保护对策划分为8种类型:重点保护区、重点监控区、重要生态功能区、重点维护区、重点治理区、自然恢复区、人工恢复区和自然人工恢复区,从区域环境特征、环境质量、环境保护的重点目标和基本要求等方面,提出路域环境保护的对策。
Natural entironment in desert area of Xinjiang is very fragile. Highway constructions in desert area may exert adverse influences to natural entironment, such as entironment degeneration and environmental pollution. Moreover, the fragile natural entironment in desert area may restrict the highway construction and running to a certain degree. Entironment sensitivity reflects the disturbance degree of human activities to ecosystems. According to the basic entironment features and the actual highway construction conditions, in this paper an evaluation index system is developed to reflect the sensitivity of entironment in Xinjiang. The evaluation index system includes 4 indexes （soil-erosion sensitivity, desertification sensitivity, soil salinization sensitivity, biodiversity and habitat sensitivity） and 12 evaluation factors （precipitation, slope, vegetation type, soil texture, moisture index, clays of occurring strong wind, vegetation coverage, rate of evaporation and precipitation, groundwater salinity, topography, level of nature reserves and land use）. Analytical Hierarchy Process （AHP） is applied to determine the weights of evalua- tion factors, and the entironment sensitivity indexes of 26 subsection zones are calculated. The 8 kinds of measures are put forward for conserving the entironment along the subsection zones of highway construction, and they are the emphasis conservation zones, emphasis monitoring zones, emphasis ecological functional zones, emphasis maintenance zones, emphasis restoration zones, natural restoration zones, artificial restoration zones, and natural-artificial restoration zones.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期450-457,共8页
Arid Zone Research
基金
交通部西部交通建设科技项目"荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术"(200631879735)
关键词
公路建设
路域
环境敏感性
敏感性分区
新疆
highway construction
road area
entironment sensitivity
subsection zone
Xinjiang.
