摘要
与油气分输常规工艺相比,长距离油气混输工艺具有明显的降低投资规模的优势,可使自然条件恶劣的海上油气田和边际油气田实现有效开发。但长距离油气混输技术也是流体输送领域中最为复杂的技术之一,目前刚刚进入工业化应用阶段。为此,介绍了中国石油大庆油田建设设计研究院运用"九五"期间对这一技术攻关取得的成果,设计建成了我国石油行业规模最大的油气混输系统——哈萨克斯坦肯基亚克盐下油田长距离油气混输系统工程的经验,分析了工程概况与主要特点,讨论了需要解决的5个关键技术问题:①长距离起伏敷设混输管道压降的准确预测与管径优化;②强烈段塞流的捕集与末端分离器的平稳运行技术;③首站与混输干线事故流程的设置与控制技术;④混输干线投运与停输再启动瞬态工况的准确预测与操作程序;⑤H2S应力腐蚀与氢致开裂的抑制技术。并有针对性地提出了9项工艺技术措施。上述项目一次性投产成功,投产后平稳运行至今,开创了中国石油行业大输量、长距离油气多相混输系统工程设计的先例,其输量、长度、百万吨产能投资综合指标等都进入世界前列,被评为中国石油天然气集团公司科技十大进展。
Compared with the conventional oil and gas separate transportation technology,the long-distance oil and gas multiphase transportation technology has obvious advantages in reducing investment and realizing the effective development of offshore and marginal oilfields under harsh natural conditions.However,this technology is one of the most complex technologies in the fluid transportation field,which has just been brought into the industrial application stage.This paper hereby introduces the research results concerning this technology by the Daqing Oilfield Construction Design and Research Institute during the 'Ninth Five-Year Plan' period.This institute designed and constructed the largest oil and gas multiphase transportation system of its kind in China-the one in Kenkyak Yanxia Oilfield of Kazakhastan.This paper analyzes the general situation of the project and its main characteristics and discusses 5 key technical problems:(1)The accurate prediction of pressure drawdown and pipe diameter optimization of the long-distance fluctuation laying of the long-distance multiphase transportation pipelines.(2)The trapping of the strong slug flow and the stable running technique of end separators.(3)The setting and controlling techniques of the first station and accident process flow of the pipeline.(4)The accurate prediction and operation procedure of the transient operating condition upon the commissioning and restart after transportation stopping.(5)The suppression technique for H2S stress corrosion and hydrogen induced cracking.In view of these problems,we put forward nine technical solutions.Since being put into operation on trial,this project has been in service smoothly up to now,taking the initiative step in the engineering design of large transportation volume,long-distance oil and gas multiphase transportation system.It is a world leading project in some integrative indexes,such as its transportation volume,length and Mton production capacity.It is awarded as one of the Ten Projects with Great Science and Technology Progresses of CNPC.
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第4期107-110,共4页
Natural Gas Industry
关键词
油气混输
长距离输送
工程设计
段塞流捕集器
关联气液分离器
压降计算
经验
oil and gas multiphase flow,long-distance pipeline transportation,engineering design,slug catcher,correlation gas liquid separator,pressure drawdown calculation,experience
