摘要
近20年来松嫩平原生态环境发生了巨大变化,湿地退化加剧是生态环境变化的重要表现之一.利用1986年(TM)和2001年(ETM)卫星遥感影像数据和RS-GIS集成技术,对松嫩平原湿地的现状和变化趋势进行了量化分析.结果表明,在过去的15年中,松嫩平原湿地面积减少了658 042 hm2,减少了38.81%.平均每年减少43 869 hm2,年均减少速率2.59%.其中地表水体减少127 429 hm2,减少了22.81%;沼泽减少530 612 hm2,减少了46.67%.降水减少,蒸发加大,水资源开发过大以及过度放牧、围垦湿地是湿地退化的主要原因.
The ecologic environment in the Songnen Plain changed extremely in the last 20 years. One of the significant expressions is the intensive retrogression of wetland. Based on the remote sensing data of 1986 （TM） and 2001 （ETM）, this research analyzes the present situation and changing trend of the wetlands in Songnen Plain with RS-GIS technology. The result shows that, during the 15 years, the area of wetland in Songnen Plain reduced 658 042 hm2, by 38.81%. Among them, the surface water reduced 127 429 hm2; while the marsh, 530 612 hm2. The reasons for the retrogression of wetland include the reduction of rainfall, increasing evaporation, excessive development of water resources, pasture and cultivation.
出处
《地质与资源》
CAS
2010年第1期76-80,共5页
Geology and Resources
基金
国土资源大调查项目"松嫩平原地下水资源及其环境问题调查评价"(编号1212010430352)资助
关键词
松嫩平原
湿地退化
影响因素
Songnen Plain
retrogression of wetland
influencing factors
