摘要
目的了解上海市闸北区麻疹流行病学特征,为加速控制和消除麻疹提供依据。方法对上海市闸北区1999-2008年麻疹疫情资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果1999～2008年闸北区麻疹发病185例,无死亡病例,平均年发病率2.31/10万;外来人口发病率是本区人口发病率的16.11倍;3～8月发病人数占总发病人数的78.92%;男女病例数之比为1.08∶1;<10岁儿童占总发病数的51.89%;≥20岁成人占总发病数的37.84%;本区人口发病以成人为主,≥20岁病例占56.14%,外来人口发病以儿童为主,<10岁占58.59%。无免疫史,免疫史不详者分别占总发病数的56.76%和28.65%。结论加强对外来人口的管理、提高麻疹疫苗及时接种率和2剂次免疫率是控制和消除麻疹的工作重点,同时应加强麻疹的监测,开展成人麻疹疫苗免疫接种工作。
Objective To ascertain the epidemiological characteristics of measles in the Zhabei district of Shanghai and provide evidence for specific strategies and measures for measles prevention and control.Methods Descriptive analysis was performed on data on measles in the Zhabei district from 1999 to 2008.Results One hundred and eighty-five cases were reported in the entire Zhabei district from 1999 to 2008,and no deaths were reported.The average morbidity in the Zhabei district was 2.31/100 000.Measles incidence in the migrant population was 16.11 times higher than in the native population.The peak season was from March to August,in which 78.92% of cases appeared.The male-to-female ratio of patients was 1.08∶1.Children 10 years of age accounted for 51.89% of cases and those ≥20 years of age accounted for 37.84%,representing the majority of patients.Cases involving local habitants mostly consisted of adults and morbidity was highest in individuals ≥20 years of age（56.14%）.Cases involving the migrant population mostly consisted of children and the age of morbidity peaked for children 10 years of age（58.59%）.Of all of the patients,56.76% had no history of measles immunization while the inoculation history of 28.65% was unknown.Conclusion Action should be taken to enhance the immunization of the migrant population.Provinces should administer the measles vaccine in a timely manner and increase the rate of two-dose measles vaccination.Measles surveillance should also be emphasized and the range of measles immunization should be expanded to adults.
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
2010年第4期296-298,共3页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
关键词
麻疹
流行病学
闸北区
上海
Measles
epidemic
Zhabei district
Shanghai
