摘要
通过模拟试验研究了温度和施肥对三峡库区澎溪河流域消落区冲积土、紫色土和水稻土氮磷释放的影响,估算了这3种土壤氮磷的释放量。结果表明,淹水后消落区土壤氮的释放潜力为水稻土>冲积土>紫色土,不同温度下消落土壤氮的释放潜力表现为20℃略高于10℃,明显高于30℃;消落区土壤间磷释放的差异因温度的不同而异,10℃时3种土壤间上覆水磷浓度相近,20℃和30℃时,土壤磷的释放潜力为冲积土>紫色土>水稻土,土壤磷的释放随淹水温度的提高而升高。按云阳县耕地平均施肥量(N0.21g/kg和P0.15g/kg)向消落区土壤施入氮磷肥,冲积土、紫色土和水稻土向水体释放的氮分别提高7.05～17.27,10.03～25.41,5.84～13.70倍,释放的磷分别提高1.47～4.88,4.99～16.49,1.18～3.03倍。根据澎溪河流域水温、水位变动情况及消落区土壤面积,估算出未施肥条件下澎溪河流域消落区冲积土、紫色土和水稻土的氮释放负荷为19.36,29.45,236.07t/a,磷释放负荷分别为0.49,0.94,1.91t/a。
Stimulated experiments were carried out to study the effect of temperature and fertilization on the release of nitrogen and phosphorous from three soils,namely,alluvial soil,purple soil and paddy soil at the water fluctuation zone （WFZ） of Pengxi River located in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,the loadings of nitrogen and phosphorous from the three soils were also estimated.The results showed that the potential capacity for nitrogen release from soils followed the order of paddy soil〉alluvial soil〉purple soil,and the potential capacity for phosphorous release from soils followed the order of alluvial soil〉paddy soil〉purple soil at the temperature of 20℃ and 30℃.The release of nitrogen from soils at the WFZ was slightly higher at the temperature of 20℃ than that at the temperature of 10℃ and was obviously higher than that at the temperature of 30℃.The release of phosphorous increased with the improving water temperature.Application of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers at the recommended rates （N 0.21 g/kg and P 0.15 g/kg） for soils in Yunyang prefecture to soils increased the release of nitrogen from alluvial soil,purple soil and paddy soil by 7.05～17.27,10.03～25.41 and 5.84～13.70 times,respectively,and increased the release of phosphorous release by 1.47～4.88,4.99～16.49 and 1.18～3.03 time,respectively.It has been estimated that the annual loadings from the alluvial soil,purple soil and paddy soil were 19.36,29.45,236.07 t,respectively,for nitrogen and were 0.49,0.94,1.91 t,respectively,for phosphorous,according to the temperature,water level and the distribution area of the three soils.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期131-134,140,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国务院三峡建设委员会资助项目(2007AA10Z123)
关键词
消落区
氮磷释放
water fluctuation zone
nitrogen and phosphorous release
