摘要
逆转座子广泛存在于真核生物基因组中,由于其自身结构及转座的特殊性,它们对真核生物的基因及基因组的大小、结构、功能和进化都有重要影响,尤其是在基因表达调控上,逆转座子插入能够改变宿主基因(即被插入基因)转录的时间和空间模式,造成选择性拼接、形成多种转录本等多种效应。同时,逆转座子活动所造成的稳定变异为选择新的、有突破性的优良性状提供了丰富的素材,显示出其在动植物品种改良中的巨大应用潜力,用逆转座子作基因标签进行基因功能研究、开发一些新型分子标记等都已得到广泛的应用。因此,关于真核生物中的逆转座子及其对宿主基因表达影响的研究具有十分重要的理论意义和巨大的应用前景,是目前国际上生命科学领域研究的热点课题之一,本文就该领域近年来的研究进展作一概述。
Retrotransposons extensively exist in eukaryote,and have important effects on size,structure,function,and evolution of genes and /or genomes of eukaryote,particularity on their structure and transposition.Diverse effects on regulation and control of gene expression by retrotransposon insertion had been reported,i.e.altered the temporal and spatial mode of host genes（genes inserted by retrotransposon）,created alternative splicing of exon /intron,produced many kinds of transcriptions,and so on.Moreover,stable mutations by transposition of retrotransposon were provided abundant materials for selection of novel traits,suggested their potential application to varieties improvement of plants and /or animals.Extensive applications had been done on gene functional research by tag of retrotransposons and developing new type of molecular marker.So,the research on the effects of retrotransposons insertion on gene expression has theoretical significance and practical application and become one of hottest projects in life sciences.Here,the recent progresses in this area were summarized and reviewed.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期314-318,共5页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金(30770143)
河南省教育厅自然科学基础研究项目(2009B180007)
河南科技学院高层次人才引进项目(7004)
关键词
逆转座子
宿主基因
转录
选择性拼接
retrotransposon
host gene
transcription
alternative splicing
