摘要
目的为探讨普通与多重医院感染病原菌的临床分布及对不同抗菌药物的耐药性,以指导临床合理选用抗菌药物。方法对2005年1月-2008年10月的住院患者中,普通与多重医院感染所分离到不同的病原菌,进行菌种分布和耐药性的回顾性统计比较分析。结果在普通医院感染所分离的1037株病原菌中,革兰阴性菌480株,占46.29%,革兰阳性菌351株,占33.85%,真菌206株,占19.86%;在多重医院感染所分离的284株病原菌中,革兰阴性菌139株,占48.94%,革兰阳性菌97株,占34.16%,真菌48株,占16.90%,两组病原菌分布革兰阳性菌均以葡萄球菌属为主,但革兰阴性菌两组明显不同;病原菌耐药显示,革兰阳性菌中普通医院感染较多重医院感染耐药率大多偏低,但已发现耐万古霉素、替考拉宁肠球菌菌株;革兰阴性菌中对美罗培南、亚胺培南耐药率较低外,妥布霉素、庆大霉素等对普通医院感染中的肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍氏不动杆菌均有较低的耐药率,且两组差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论两组医院感染的病原菌仍以革兰阴性菌为主,但分类中两组革兰阴性菌种类排序明显不同,两组对常用抗菌药物的耐药率也有所不同,对指导应用抗菌药物有一定的临床意义。
OBJECTIVE Learning clinical distribution of multiple hospital infection pathogens in grass-roots hospital,to guide rationally using of drug.METHODS The retrospective statistical analysis of distribution and resistance of isolated pathogens from Jan 2005 to Oct 2008 was conducted.RESULTS In 284 pathogens isolated from clinic,there were 132 strains of G-bacteria,accounted for 46.48%,84 strains of G＋ bacteria,（29.58%） and 48 strains of fungi（16.90%）.Drug-resistant pathogens showed that most of G＋ bacteria′s resistance rate was more than 60%,except for vancomycin,teicoplanin,fusidic acid and nitrofurantoin.G-bacteria′s resistance rate to other commonly used antimicrobial agents was 50%,except for meropenem,imipenem,amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam.CONCLUSIONS The main pathogens of multiple hospital infection in grass-roots hospital are G-bacteria,but the Staphylococcus accounts for higher proportion.Pay more attention to pathogen and drug sensitivity inspection can guide controlling multiple hospital infection and rational using clinical antibiotics.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期1152-1154,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Hospital infection
Pathogen
Drug-resistance
