摘要
目的:探讨重症肺炎患儿细菌病原学及其耐药情况。方法:对498例PICU病房婴幼儿重症肺炎患儿痰培养阳性标本结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果:(1)分离出细菌309株,其中革兰阴性(G-)杆菌226株,占73.14%,病原菌主要为大肠埃希杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟肠杆菌;革兰阳性(G+)球菌83株,占26.86%,主要病原菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌。(2)药敏结果提示革兰阴性(G-)杆菌对常用抗革兰阴性杆菌抗生素耐药,仅对亚胺培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、派拉西林/三唑巴坦较敏感。结论:PICU婴幼儿重症肺炎常见的致病菌为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,革兰阴性杆菌对抗菌药物的耐药性较普遍,加强综合防治和抗生素的合理使用是降低感染和细菌耐药的重要保证。
Objective：To investigate the characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in infants with severe pneumonia in PICU. Methods：The characteristics of distribution and drug resistance of bacteria in 309 culture positive samples in infants with severe pneumonia in PICU were retrospectively analyzed. Results：（1）The Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent pathogenic agents,In all 309 pathogens,226 strains were Gram-negative bacilli（73.14%）,and these include Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae;83 strains were Gram-positive bacilli（26.86%）,Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequent Gram-positive. （2）The rates of resistance of common Gram-negative bacillis to most antibotics increased gradually.Most strains of Gram-negative bacilli were susceptible to Imipenem and cebfoperazone-sulbactam and Cefepime and Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Conclusion：Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Enterobacter cloacae and Staphylococcus aureus are the main pathogenic bacteria in infants with severe pneumonia in PICU and the drug resistance of Gram-negative bacillis is significantly increased. The augmentation of integrate control and rational app lication of antibiotics play an important role in reduce infection and drug resistance of bacteria.
出处
《陕西医学杂志》
CAS
2010年第1期35-37,共3页
Shaanxi Medical Journal
关键词
肺炎/病因学
细菌分型技术
微生物敏感性试验
婴儿
Pneumonia/etiology Bacterial typing techniques Microbial sensitivity test Infant
