摘要
利用2005年度的IKONOS4卫片解译数据和2007年度小班调查资料,结合样地调查资料以及四川省林业科学研究院森林生态效益定位站(四川绵阳新桥)径流场的有关数据,对绵阳官司河流域的防护林体系景观结构及生态功能进行了分析。结果表明:该区域防护林景观中,以松柏混交林(Mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest)面积最大,占27.37%,其次是马尾松纯林(Pinus massoniana forest),占25.41%。栎柏混交林(Mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest)最少,只占0.96%。纯林面积明显大于混交林,前者比后者大45.31%。栎柏混交林、松柏栎混交林(Mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest)最大斑块指数(LPI)、边缘密度(ED)和斑块密度(PD)较小,分布较为破碎。而马尾松纯林、松柏混交林和柏木纯林(Cupressus forest)分布较为集中。桤柏混交林(Mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest)和松柏混交林的散布与并列指数(IJI)较大,其空间关系较为复杂。栎柏混交林、柏木纯林的聚集度(AI)较小,斑块分散度大,连接性较差;而桤柏混交林、松柏混交林的分散度较大,连接性较好。桤柏混交林、松柏混交林的形状指数(LSI)较小,形状分布较规则,而马尾松纯林、柏木纯林的形状指数较大,形状较复杂。从不同景观类型林下灌草层的生物多样性指数可知,松柏混交林、栎柏混交林的灌草多样性指数均较大,而马尾松纯林、柏木纯林则较小。从保持水土功能来看:桤柏混交林、松柏混交林的水土保持效果优于柏木纯林、马尾松纯林,桤柏混交林的水土保持效果优于松柏混交林。因此,对长江防护林进行空间结构调整,应多采用混交林模式,针阔混交林代替针针混交,乔灌草结合,调整合理的密度,使防护林景观的生态功能更好地发挥。
Based on the translated data from remote sensing images （IKONOS4） in 2005, the survey data of sub-compartments in 2007 and data from the runoff plots in Xinqiao positioning research station, the landscape structure and ecological function of protection forests in Guansi river watershed were analyzed. The results have shown that the area of mixed Pinus-Cupressus forest is the largest one, occupying 27.37%, the Pinus massoniana forest was the second, accounting for 25.41%, while mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest is the least, occupying 0.96% only. The area of pure forest is obviously large, which is 45.31% higher than mixed forests. The LPI（largest patch index）,ED（edge density and PD（patch density） of mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest and mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest is smaller, which mean that the distribution is fragmentized; while the Pinus massoniana forest, mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest and Cupressus forest is centralized. The IJI （interspersion juxtaposition index）of mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest and mixed Pinus-Cupressus forest is bigger, which implies that the spatial relationship is the more complicated.The AI（aggregation index） of mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest and Cupressus forest is smaller, which means that the patch dispersion degree is bigger and connection is worse, while mixed ,41nus-Cupressus forest and mixed Pinus-Cupmssus-Quercus forest is opposite. The LSI of mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest is smaller, which indicates that the shape distribution is more regular, while Pinus massoniana forest and Cupressus forest is opposite. The diversity of shrub and herb of mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest and mixed Quercus-Cupressus forest is bigger, while Pinus massoniana forest and Cupressus forest is opposite. From the function of water and soil conservation,the effectiveness of mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest and mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest is better than Cupressus forest and Pinus rnassoniana forest, the effectiveness of mixed Alnus-Cupressus forest is better than mixed Pinus-Cupressus-Quercus forest. Thus, in the process of restructuring the protection forests in the upper reach of Changjiang river, more mixed forest models, especially with combination of trees, shrubs and grasses would be applied; besides, dense stands should be regulated in order to exert sound ecological function.
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期712-717,共6页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2008BAD98B05)
关键词
官司河流域
防护林
景观要素
景观结构
生态功能
Guansi River watershed
protection forests
landscape elements
landscape structure
ecological function
