摘要
盐差能是一种新型的可再生的海洋能,主要存在于河流入海口处。目前提取盐差能主要有3种方法:渗透压能法(PRO)——利用淡水与盐水之间的渗透压力差为动力,推动水轮机发电;反电渗析法(RED)——用阴阳离子渗透膜将浓、淡盐水隔开,利用阴阳离子的定向渗透在整个溶液中产生的电流;蒸汽压能法(VPD)——利用淡水与盐水之间蒸汽压差为动力,推动风扇发电。渗透压能法和反电渗析法有很好的发展前景,目前面临的主要问题是设备投资成本高,装置能效低。蒸汽压能法装置太过庞大、昂贵,这种方法还停留在研究阶段。
Salinity gradient energy is a new type of renewable ocean energy which mainly exists in entrances of rivers flowing into the sea. At present, there are three methods to extract power from salinity gradient： Pressure Retarded Osmotic （PRO）-It utilizes the osmotic pressure difference between fresh water and sea water to drive a water turbine to produce electrical energy; Reverse Electrodialysis （RED）-Electricity can be produced directly by mixing sea water and diluted water which are separated by cation membrane and anion membrane. Vapour Pressure Differences（VPD） -It utilizes the vapour pressure difference between fresh water and sea water to run an air turbine. PRO and RED will be developed well in the future if the main problems of high equipment invest- ment and low efficiency can be solved. VPD is still studied in laboratory because its equipments cost too much.
出处
《可再生能源》
CAS
北大核心
2010年第2期141-144,共4页
Renewable Energy Resources
关键词
盐差能
渗透压能法
反电渗析法
蒸汽压能法
salinity gradient energy
pressure retarded osmotic
reverse electrodialysis
vapour pressure differences
