摘要
研究了不同发育阶段中华绒螯蟹肝胰腺脂类及脂肪酸组成。结果表明：在卵巢快速发育阶段，肝胰腺指数显著下降，总脂的含量也略有降低，致使肝胰腺脂类的绝对量有显著的降低。未成熟和成熟中华绒螯蟹的肝胰腺总脂分别为３４３７％和２８１３％。在成熟期的稳定阶段以及产卵阶段，肝胰腺总脂含量都有较明显的下降。无论在何阶段，肝胰腺中储存的脂类主要是中性脂。中性脂与总脂的比值，均大于８０％，且中性脂基本上由甘油三酯组成，几乎不含胆固醇（卵巢快速发育阶段）或含量极少（抱卵阶段）。磷脂含量很少，仅占总脂的１０％～２０％，主要由卵磷脂和脑磷脂组成。未成熟中华绒螯蟹的肝胰腺的磷脂和中性脂的脂肪酸组成有显著的差别，即磷脂中的Ｃ２０：４和Ｃ２０：５的相对含量要显著高于中性脂，Ｃ２０：４的含量高达１７％；Ｃ１６：０和Ｃ１６：１则显著低于中性脂。但成熟以后及抱卵和卵孵出期间，肝胰腺中磷脂和中性脂的脂肪酸组成无显著差别。在不同的阶段，无论中性脂或磷脂，Ｃ１８：１是最主要的脂肪酸，占肝胰腺总脂的４３％～４９％（蟹成熟以后到最后卵孵出阶段）或２４％～２６％（未成熟阶段），其它的主要组成有：Ｃ１６：０、Ｃ１６：１、Ｃ１８：２、Ｃ２０：４和Ｃ２０：５。
Lipid concentration(% organ wet wt.) in hepatopancreas decreased from 34 37% to 28 13% while hepatopancreas index(hepatopancreas wet wt./body wet wt.×100)dropped significantly (6 56～3 77)during fast ovarian development of the Chinese crab Eriocheir sinensis .This suggests that at least a part of the lipid in the hepatopancreas was transported to the ovary. Compared with that of the mature crab in December,the lipid concentration in the hepatopancreas of mature crab in April next year,ovigerous crab and spent crab decreased markedly to 14 02%,8 12% and 9 67% respectively.This indicated that the lipid was used as an energy source. Neutral lipid (NL) made up a major proportion of the total lipid in hepatopancreas (>80%),and triacylglycerols comprised nearly all of the NL,except that some cholesterol was found in NL in ovigerous stage. Phospholipid (PL) in hepatopancreas was about the same at different stages.It included mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE),and PC was more than PE. The fatty acid composition of PL and NL did not show significant difference( P <0 01) except that in the hepatopancreas of immature crab PL contained more arachidonic(C20:4, as high as 17%) and eicosapentaenoic(C20:5 EPA), and less palmitic( C16:0) and palmitoleic (C16:1) as compared wih NL. Both PL and NL contained much less long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids such as C20:5 and C22:6 than their counterparts in the ovary. Oleic(C18:1) was the most important fatty acids either in PL or in NL.Its percentage in the hepatopancreas of immature crab(24%～26%) was much less than that of mature or ovigerous crab(43%～49%). The other major fatty acids were C16:0,C16:1,C18:2,C20:4 and C20:5.
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
1998年第4期420-429,共10页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
关键词
中华绒螯蟹
肝胰腺
脂类
脂肪酸
Eriocheir sinensis, Hepatopancreatic,Lipid, Fatty acids
