摘要
在RS和GIS技术的支持下,通过对大同市1987年和2000年两期Landsat TM(ETM)影像解译,分析了14a间的土地利用转移方向及其变化趋势,并结合景观格局动态分析的方法,定量分析了该区土地利用的动态变化及景观格局特征。结果表明:该区耕地和未利用地分别以201.56km2a-1、37.02km2a-1的速度在大面积减少,主要转为林地、建设用地和草地。建设用地和林地的面积分别以566.49km2a-1、139.97km2a-1的速度在增加,而草地和水域面积则变化相对较小;各土地利用变化的趋势分别是建设用地、林地和草地增加,处于"涨势"状态,耕地、水域和未利用地减少,处于"落势"状态;对该区景观格局分析显示,从景观尺度上看,斑块个数、多样性指数、破碎度和均匀度指数增加,分维数和优势度减小,说明景观异质性上升,结构趋向均衡化,稳定性增强,受人类干扰程度在加大。
With RS and GIS,the Landsat TM（ETM） images from 1987 to 2000 are interpreted,and transition direction and change tendency of land use are analyzed during these 14 years.Meanwhile,combined with the dynamic analysis of landscape pattern,dynamic change of land use and landscape pattern characteristics are analyzed quantitatively.The results indicate that cultivated land and unused land areas decrease at the rate of 201.56 km2 a-1 and 37.02 km2 a-1,respectively,and have mainly been transformed into forest land,construction land and grassland.While forest land,construction land areas increase at the rate of 566.49 km2 a-1,139.97 km2 a-1,respectively,grassland and water area change a little.The tendency of change is that forest land,construction land and grassland are＂in uptrend＂,while cultivated land,water field and unused land are＂in downtrend＂.Landscape pattern analysis in this area shows that patch number,diversity index,degree of fragmentation and evenness index increase,and fractional dimension and dominance decrease,which confirms that landscape heterogeneity increases,structure tends to equalization,stability improves,and the degree of human disturbance is increasing.
出处
《土壤通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期282-286,共5页
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
