摘要
本文阐述了传统耕作法,少耕法和免耕法的基本概念,分析了秸秆覆盖免耕法的原理。夏玉米免耕覆盖种植机械化技术就是应用秸秆覆盖法的原理试验成功的一项科研成果,这项技术由三项作业,六项技术组成,具有节能,省工,增产,增加土壤有机质,改善土壤结构等效益,是对传统耕作法改革的一项新型耕作技术。研制成功的免耕播种机是实现这项技术的关键机具,本文介绍了其工作部件及工作原理。最后指出这项新技术在我国小麦、玉米两熟地区推广应用的意义。
The concept of the conventional tillage, minimum tillage and mulch tillage were introduced. The fundamentals of the mulch seeding with no tillage were discribed.The technology of the mulch seeding with no tillage for summer corn is the achievement of our research lasted several years. Today it is being extended. This new technology includes three field operations - wheat harvesting with straw chopping and spreading, direct seeding and fertilizing, weed control with herbicide spraying and it also includes six farming techniques - seed treatment, mulching, direct seeding, granulated compound fertilizer, application, herbicide spraying and insect control.We developed a mulch seeder (2BQM-6D) as an essential one for practising this new technology. This mulch seeder was passed appraisal and was produced in batches. The principle of the chisel coulter we developed and being used this mulch seeder is quite different from the disc coulter which is usually fitted to the no till planter in other countries. Therefore, the mulch seeder with the chisel coulter is less heavy, less costly and more suitable to Chinese condition.The technology of the mulch seeding with no tillage for summer corn has remarkble economic, ecology and social effects due to its increased yield, saved fuel consumption, reduced labour required and water and soil conservation etc in comparision with the conventional tillage.It differs from no till farming. It is only adopted during summer, the field will be plowed during autumn, then the problems induced from continuous no till farming can be avoided and the advantages of the no till farming can be kept.This new technology provides an effective means and bright propects for reaping high yield of wheat and corn production.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第3期31-36,共6页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
关键词
耕作法
少耕法
免耕法
秸秆覆盖
Conventional tillage Minimum tillage No tillage Mulch tillage Mulch seeder
