摘要
目的寻找不良反应少、排痰效果好的排痰诱导液,提高对无痰或痰液稀少、痰液黏稠的呼吸系统疾病患者进行诱导排痰留取痰标本的质量,增加安全性。方法将80例需诱导排痰的呼吸系统疾病患者随机分为0.45%盐水沐舒坦组和3%盐水组,分别采用0.45%盐水和沐舒坦配伍,3%盐水雾化吸入诱导排痰,其他治疗方法相同。比较两组雾化过程中的生理指标变化、不良反应及痰标本有效率。结果0.45%盐水沐舒坦组在诱导排痰过程中心率、呼吸等生理指标稳定,咽痛、胸闷等不良反应少,痰标本有效率高,与3%盐水组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论给无痰或痰液稀少、痰液黏稠的呼吸系统疾病患者留取痰液标本时,可选择0.45%盐水和沐舒坦的混合液雾化吸入,有助于留取满意的痰标本,增加安全性。
Objective To explore a safe and effective solution for sputum induction in patients without sputum or with sticky sputum. Methods Totally, 80 patients with respiratory diseases underwent supervised sputum induction with either premixed 0.45% saline and ambroxol （saline ambroxol group） or 3 % hypertonie saline （control group） delivered by an ultrasonic nebuliser. Results Such physiological parameters as heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were more stable in the saline ambroxol group, the rate of side effects was lower, and the efficacy of saline ambroxol group was significantly improved than that of the control group （P〈0.05, P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion Sputum induction using 0.45% saline and ambroxol is recommended for patients without sputum or with sticky sputum, it can obtain an adequate sputum sample and demonstrates safety.
