摘要
棉花根系建成是棉花高产、优质、高效的前提。本文针对留营养枝和整枝棉花在不同的种植方式、不同密度条件下进行了根系生长发育和分布规律研究，结果表明，（１）留营养枝棉花根系生长发育早，一般比整枝棉花早１０～３０ｄ达到根系生长高峰期；（２）留营养枝棉花根系生长量大，峰值高，比整枝棉花最大根长密度高１．８～３．４ｍｍ·ｃｍ－２，即高１４．４％～１６．６％；（３）留营养枝棉花根系的生长速率大于整枝棉，一熟条件下可为整枝棉的３．２倍，达到０．９９ｍｍ·ｃｍ－２·ｄ－１；（４）留营养枝棉根系中后期易早衰。本文还研究讨论了留营养枝与整枝棉花根系在土壤中的分布规律。并针对留营养枝棉花根系的生长发育和分布特点，提出留营养枝棉花高产栽培中应注意早施肥、早浇水，而且肥、水量要比常规管理大，中后期应注重及时追施花铃肥和根外补肥，防止棉花早衰。这项研究对于制定棉花简化栽培规范化技术有一定的理论指导意义。
The good formation of cotton root system is a base of cotton high yield, high quality and high efficiency. Studies were made on the root system development and distribution of cotton with and without vegetative branches under different planting patterns and planting densities. The results showed that(1) the root system of cotton with vegetative branches grows and develops earlier about 10￣30 days reaching the maximum peak than that of branch trimmed ones(CK); (2) the root system of cotton with vegetative branches has greater amount of growing root and higher peak about 1.8 to 3.4 mm·cm -2 (around 14.4%￣16.6%) than that of CK; (3) the root system of cotton with vegetative branches has fast growth rate during its developing stage than that of CK, in the condition of single planting system is about 3.2 times higher, reaches 0.99mm·cm -2 ·d -1 ; (4) but root system of cotton with vegetative branches has a trend of early senescence during middle and end of cotton growth stage. The root distribution of all treatment on the different soil profile were also conducted and discussed. According to the factors of root growth, development and distribution of cotton with vegetative branches, high yield cultivation of cotton with vegetative branches should get early fertilization and early irrigation management, and each amount should be larger than normal one. In the middle and late cotton developing stages application of flower-boll fertilizer and additional foliage sprayed fertilizer to prevent root system from early mass decrease mass should be noticed.
出处
《棉花学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第6期322-328,共7页
Cotton Science
关键词
棉花
营养枝
根系
生长发育
分布
Cotton vegetative branch root system growth and development distribution
