摘要
保水剂(高吸水性树脂)是20世纪70年代中期发展起来的一种新型功能高分子材料,它具有吸水、保水能力特别强的特点。到目前为止,保水剂在工业、农业(特别是节水农业)、建筑、医疗卫生等方面都有比较广泛的应用。本试验主要研究了不同种类的单质肥料对保水剂吸水性能的影响,结果表明:氮肥、磷肥、钾肥对保水剂的吸水性能都有明显的影响,肥料的存在大大降低了保水剂的吸水能力,随着肥料浓度的增加而保水剂的吸水能力随之下降,这种现象可以根据保水剂的吸水机理加以解释,保水剂与水接触后,由于离子型亲水基团的电离,造成树脂结构内外产生渗透压,是保水剂吸水的动力之一。当水溶液中有电解质盐类存在时,就会使树脂内部的渗透压降低,结果导致保水剂吸水性能的降低,尿素是一个例外,因为它是非电解质肥料。
Super Absorbent Polymer （SAP）was a new functional macromolecule material developed from in the middle of 1970＇ s, and it had very strong abilities to absorb and retain water. So far, SAP was widely applied in industry, agriculture, architecture, medical treatment and hygiene and other realm. It was researched that the main effects of different single fertil- izer to SAP, result indicating, nitrogen fertilizer.phosphate fertilizer,potassic fertilizer have a significant impact on SAP ab- sorbency,its absorbability was reduced because of the fertilizer presence, with the increase in the concentration of fertilizer, ~he absorbabilily of SAP was fall, this phenomenon can insurance agent to explain the mechanism of SAP water absorption. SAP in contact with water, due to the ionic hydrophilic group ionization, resulting in osmotic pressure generated inside and outside the resin structure, is one of the engines of aquasorb absorbent. When there are electrolyte salts in aqueous solution exists, it will cause resin to reduce the internal osmotic pressure, resulting in the reduction of aquasorb absorbent, urea is an exception, because it is non -electrolyte fertilizer.
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2010年第1期122-123,共2页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
关键词
保水剂
吸水性能
肥料
Super Absorbent Polymer
water - preserving capability
fertilizer
