摘要
管线风险评价是８０年代兴起的热门研究领域，是在全面考虑影响管线失效的内外因素和失效后果的情况下，综合确定各管段的风险程度，为管线用户的维护管理提供依据。详细介绍了风险技术的内容和方法，风险评估的目的和原则，定性风险技术和定量风险技术，为管线的风险技术推荐了一个可供操作的实施过程，诸如先期检验、维护程序、维修更换决策等。同时，还对几种风险技术用于工程评价的不确定性影响因素进行了分析，对基于风险确定事后行动方式进行了讨论，并用一些实例说明了这些技术如何用于工程问题，而这些工程问题包含着不确定性、安全风险、经济损失和环境破坏等。风险工程评价对于不确定性技术经济变量的工程问题具有重要意义。风险技术的优越性还在于可依据一些程序进行操作，加强了许多没有规律性的因素之间的信息交流，这有助于保持管道系统处于适当的安全水平。
Pipeline risk evaluation,a popular research field ,began in 1980s,which provides a basis for the users of pipeline in maintenance and management,through comprehensively determining the risk degree of each pipeline section under the condition of overall considering the internal and external factors affecting pipeline failure and its consequences.The content and method of risk technique,the purpose and principle of risk evaluation and the quantitative and qualitative risk technique are presented in detail,and an operational process of being put into effect,such as early detection,maintenance procedure and decision on attendance and replacement,etc.,is recommended for the pipeline risk technique.Meantime,the affecting factors of the indefiniteness of several risk techniques in engineering evaluation are analyzed,the doings definited in view of risk are discussed and some examples are used to explain how these techniques are used for engineering problems which contains indefiniteness,safety risk,economic loss and environmental damage etc.The risk engineering evaluation is of an important significance for the engineering problems containing indefinite technic economic variables.The superiority of risk technique also lies in that the operation can be conducted according to some procedures and that the information exchange among many non regular factors is strengthened,which contributes to pipeline system to be in a suitable safety level.
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第5期72-76,共5页
Natural Gas Industry
关键词
长输管道
风险分析
油气管道
检验
Petroleum,Natural gas,Long distance pipeline,Risk analysis,Technique,Method,Application.
