摘要
[目的]研究不同氮磷钾肥用量对棉花生长、产量及经济效益的影响,为棉花合理施肥提供科学依据。[方法]利用"3414"设计原理,在湖北省沙洋县布置田间试验,并运用数学模型对结果进行统计分析。[结果]施氮增加了棉花株高、果枝层数和成桃数;施磷对株高和果枝层数无显著影响,但明显增加了成桃数;施钾导致果枝层数有所减少,对株高无明显影响。施氮棉花增产943.2 kg/hm2,增加纯收入3 567.6元/hm2;施磷最高增产284.4 kg/hm2,增加纯收入1 129.2元/hm2;施钾最高增产359.3 kg/hm2,增加纯收入1 092.7元/hm2。[结论]在该试验条件下,施氮效果最好,钾肥次之,施磷有一定增产增收效果;结合当地棉花生产实际,确定最佳氮磷钾施肥推荐用量分别为:N 193.5 kg/hm2,P2O546.5 kg/hm2,K2O 132.0 kg/hm2,由此得出最佳产量为3 741.0 kg/hm2。
[ Objective ] The aim of this research was to study the effects of N, P and K fertilization on cotton growth, yield and economic benefit in order to provide the scientific basis for the right fertilization of rape. [ Method] Based on ＂3414＂ fertilizer experiment protocol, a field experiment was conducted in Shayang County of Hubei Province. The mathematical model to the test result was established to discover the best formula applying fertilizer. [ Result] The results indicated that the application of N could increase the plant height, fruit bearing branches, and bolls. P fertilization increased bolls, but it had no effect on plant height and fruit bearing branches. The application of K led to the decreasing of fruit bearing branches, having significant effect on plant height. The highest increment of N, P and K were 943.2, 284.4 and 359.3 kg/hm2 with the net income were 3 567.6, 1 129.2 and 1 092.7 yuan/hm^2. [ Conclusion] Under the experiment conditions, the effect of N fertilization was the best, the next was K, and P fertilization was the worst. According to the local cotton field production, the synthesis analysis decided that the best recommendation formula combination should be as follows：pure N 193.5 kg/hm2 , P2O5 46.5 kg/hm2 , K2O 132.0 kg/hm2. Under these conditions, the best yield was obtained as 3 741.0 kg/hm2.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2010年第2期723-724,727,共3页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2008BADA4B08)
国家测土配方施肥项目
关键词
棉花
“3414”肥效试验
产量
经济效益
推荐施肥量
Cotton
＂3414＂ fertilizer experiment
Yield
Economic benefit
Recommended fertilization amount
