摘要
区域人才筛选是人力资源市场化配置中的马太效应,其空间表现为受区域之间经济梯度力的作用,高级人才从小城市向大城市或从落后地区向发达地区的逆向流动。对440份调查问卷的分析表明,强势地区对高级人才筛选力量十分强大,这种流动在人才年龄段上表现为双峰特征,与家庭状况密切相关,但与距离基本无关。由于区域人才筛选严重影响区域和谐发展,影响民族团结、社会安定及人口质量,必须致力于建立一种反区域人才筛选机制,将弱势区域的经济开发与人才开发有机结合起来;对弱势地区高级人才建立地区年功序列制度;稳定弱势地区初次就业的高校毕业生并为企业吸引高级人才提供制度支持。
Regional selection of talents is a kind of Matthew effect in the condition of market disposing human resources, which shows as talents＇ migration shifting from developing regions to developed regions. The analyses of 440 questionnaires show that the selective power from developed regions or large cities is very strong. From the angle of regional shift, among the 147 migrants, the horizontal migration （the West to the West, the Middle to the Middle, the East to the East） makes up 36% , the converse migration （the West to the Middle or the East, the Middle to the East） makes up 52.4%, while the direct migration （the East to the Middle or the West, the Middle to the West） makes up only 11.6%. From the angle of urban shift, the horizontal shift （between same level cities） makes up 67.3% , the converse migration （low level cities to high level cities） makes up 25.5% , while the direct migration （high level cities to low level cities） makes up only 7.5%. Among the 293 persons who haven＇ t migraten, the subjective desire of converse migration is even stronger. Those who hope to migrate to the East make up 83.5%, while those who hope to migrate to the West and the Middle in all make up only 16.7%. From the angle of cities, among the 293 persons, those who hope to migrate to metropolises and large cities in all make up 81.2% , while those who hope to migrate to medium-sized and small cities in all make up only 18.8%. The analyses also show that the migrant talents distribute in two peak age groups, one is between 25 to 30 years old, another is 45 to 50, that the migration is closely related to talents＇ families, but unrelated to moving distance. As regional selection of talents seriously affects poor regions, it is important to establish a kind of anti-selection mechanisms among regions. This kind of mechanisms is the important foundation of regional harmonious development, the important condition of the unity of various nationalities, the important avenues to improve the quality of population of poor districts. To establish the anti-selection mechanisms, the central government should combine talents development with economic development of poor districts, should establish a kind of award system according to work years in poor districts, should stabilize those graduating students who obtain their initial employment in poor districts by taking effective steps, should supply a powerful economic Support for poor districts to draw high-level talents, and should create favorable conditions for poor districts＇ talents. It is important to realize that this kind of mechanisms is not planned measures which restrict the flow of trained personnel. On the contrary, even the economic measures, the policies should be based on market to realize rational distribution of high-level talents.
出处
《地理科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期779-786,共8页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(70873085)
关键词
人才
空间流动
区域筛选
talent
spatial migration
regional selection
