摘要
能源发展是建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会的重要内容。本文以内蒙古通辽地区农牧民生活能源使用情况作为研究对象,通过实地调查,研究当地能源利用现状,发现了农牧民生活用能的4个特点:①严重依靠秸秆和畜粪等低级传统生物质能源,大部分地区此类能源的消费量达70%以上;②能源消费水平低,调查各地的人均能源消费量都远低于全国人均水平1.09t标准煤;③能源利用方式不合理,多使用传统的土炕和火灶,燃烧效率低下,只有6%～10%,造成严重浪费;④环境污染严重,直接燃烧秸秆、薪柴和煤炭产生CO、SO2、PM10/25、NH3等并使氮、磷等元素流失致使土地土壤肥力下降。在此基础上分析了造成这种生活用能现状的3个驱动力:①传统生活方式;②经济;③政府政策。最后,提出了解决内蒙古通辽地区农牧民用能问题的对策建议。
Energy exploration and utilization are particularly essential to building a resource-conserved and environment-friendly society.In the present work,the authors investigated energy use conditions of daily life for farmers and herdsmen of Tongliao region in Inner Mongolia and studied in detail current energy use situations there through field investigation.First of all,it was found that there were generally four major types of energy use for farmers and herdsmen of daily life in Tongliao region.First,high dependence of straw,animal dung and other traditional low-level biomass accounted for more than 70%in most studied places,Second,a low energy consuming level that per capita energy consumption in each study region was much lower than 1.09 tons of standard coal,the national per capita energy consumption were identified,Third,unreasonable energy use manner over Tongliao region were shown.For most of people,they used traditional kang and stove having relatively low burning efficiency of just 6%-10%compared to burn straw,firewood as well as animal dung.This undoubtedly leaded to serious waste of energy.Fourth,serious environmental pollution were produced due to the emissions of CO,SO2,PM10/25,NH3 and other pollutants that can be caused by direct combustion of straw,firewood and coal.At the same time,burning traditional low-level biomass also resulted in the loss of N and P,inducing the decline in soil fertility of land.On the basis of above studies,the driving forces of energy use conditions of daily life for farmers and herdsmen of Tongliao region in inner Mongolia were investigated and described as follows,i.e.,the traditional way of life driving force that people tended to consume energy in a traditional manner and low-level biomass so that it was hard to improve their energy use efficiency.economic driving force that a very low economic development level over the study region restricted people from consuming high-level renewable energy,government policy driving force showing great effects on energy use conditions in Tongliao region.In summary,the study would be greatly helpful to address the problems of energy use for farmers and herdsmen of Tongliao region in Inner Mongolia.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第12期2101-2109,共9页
Resources Science
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(编号:NCET-08-0597)
中央民族大学"985工程"建设资助项目(编号:CUN985-3-3)
北京市教育委员会共建经费研究生教育项目资助(编号:XK-100520587)
关键词
内蒙古通辽地区
用能现状
问题分析及驱动力
对策建议
Tongliao region in Inner Mongolia
Energy use condition
Analysis of existing problems and driving forces.
