摘要
通过组织学方法和透射电镜技术对细鳞鱼(Brachymystax lenok)卵子发生过程中细胞器的变化与作用进行了研究。结果表明,从刚分化的卵原细胞至成熟卵母细胞时期(Ⅰ～Ⅴ时相)胞质内均能观察到线粒体,其形态最初为圆形,随着其大量增殖,形态变为棒状、弯曲状或长形(Ⅱ时相),并导致线粒体簇形成,其嵴也由单个变为多个,电子密度呈由低到高的规律变化;但到Ⅲ时相末期线粒体又退化为圆形,个别线粒体还通过对分或牙分进行裂变,线粒体嵴被不断释放,形成空泡,其基质电子密度呈降低的规律变化;在此过程中线粒体主要参与各种囊泡的形成,为后期卵黄前体物质进入、积累创造条件。在Ⅱ时相卵母细胞早期的细胞核附近开始出现内质网和高尔基体,但数量少,结构简单,随着它们的大量增殖(Ⅲ～Ⅳ时相),这两种细胞器将对卵黄物质的合成与加工起到关键作用。内质网主要呈弓形,少数呈圆形或杯形,早期与高尔基体相伴出现,但随着内质网大量增殖,其合成功能也随之增强。早期高尔基体也呈弓形,但随着其高度发育,几个分散的高尔基体聚集形成高度发育的高尔基体复合体,其加工与修饰功能也不断增强,同时其周围伴有大量潴泡或电子密度不同的囊泡体(多层结构)出现,且这些多泡体常常与环形片层(annulate lamellae,AL)一同出现。AL与核膜结构相似,早期呈弧形排列,本研究推测环形片层起源于核膜,其主要作用可能是膜的储藏地。
Experiments were conducted to study the morphological changes and functions of organelle during oogenesis in Brachymystax lenok by histological method and transmission electron microscopy.The mitochondria were found from oogonium stage to mature oocyte stage.They were round in the first phase,and became rod-shaped,curved or elongated with their proliferation at phase Ⅱ.The cristae and matrix were well formed and their number increased progressively,leading to the formation of mitochondria clusters.At the end of phase Ⅲ,mitochondria turned into round shape and divided by bipartition or gemmation,and some mitochondria lost their cristae and became vesicles,and their electrondensity also decreased.During this stage,mitochondria might play a relevant role in the formation of vesicles,preparing for accumulation of pre-vitelline elements.A small number of Golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum appeared near the nucleus in the early stage of phaseⅡ,and their structure was simple.In the latter phases,with their development,Golgi body and endoplasmic reticulum played a great role in synthesis and processing of vitelline materials.Most endoplasmic reticulum were arched in shape,and some were round or calathiform in shape.With their proliferation,endoplasmic reticulum performed their synthesis function.At the early stage,Golgi bodies were also arched in shape,and with the development of oocytes,a few scattered Golgi bodies gathered to form developed Golgi complex accompanied by numerous vesicles and annulate lamellae （AL）.AL were curve in shape and their structure was similar to nuclear envelope.It is presumed that the annulate lamellae are derived from nuclear envelope,and its main function may be the storage for the membrane.
出处
《动物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第6期81-88,共8页
Chinese Journal of Zoology
基金
黑龙江水产研究基本科研专项(No.2007HSYZX-YY-21)
黑龙江省科技攻关项目(No.GC03B511
GA06B203-4)
科技部农转资金项目(No.2007GB23260395)
国家十一五支撑计划项目(No.2006BAD03B08)
关键词
细鳞鱼
卵子发生
线粒体
高尔基体
内质网
环形片层
超微结构
Brachymystax lenok
Oogenesis
Mitochondria
Golgi body
Endoplasmic reticulum
Annulate lamellae
Ultrastructure
