摘要
目的探讨地震灾害引起的开放性头皮损伤伤口感染的原因、病原菌分布、药敏特点和治疗措施。方法回顾分析5．12汶川地震后，四川大学华西医院各科收治的82例头皮伤口感染的临床和病原学资料。结果全组82例患者中，43例（52．4％）被检出伤口感染。感染的伤口多数伴有严重污染及异物存留，并且首次清创时间明显延迟。感染的病原菌菌株59株，革兰阳性金黄色葡萄球菌26株（44．06％），表皮葡萄球菌12株（20．33％），革兰阴性的阴沟肠杆菌13株（22．06％），肺炎克雷伯杆菌3株（5．08％），深红沙雷氏菌5株（8．47％）。经彻底清创，换药，应用敏感抗生素治疗后，伤口愈合良好。结论地震引起的颅脑外伤头皮伤口感染率明显增高，以革兰阳性的金黄色葡萄球菌感染为主。早期彻底清创，营养支持，应用敏感抗生素能提高治疗效果。
Objective To investigate the infected features of opened scalp injury after Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. Method A retrospective analysis of the pathogenic bacteria and medical records of 82 opened scalp injury patients after earthquake was studied. The patients＇ germ culture data, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were reviewed. Results 52.4% （43/82） cases were infected in opened scalp injury such as scalp laceration and avulsion. 59 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 43 cases of wound secretion. The pathogens were ： gram - positive staphylococcus aureus （ 44. 06% ）, staphylococcus epidermidis （ 20. 33% ） ; gram - negative enterobacter cloacae （ 22. 06% ）, klebsiella pneumoniae （5.08%）, and serratia rubidea （8.47%）. All wounds were healed after debridement, replacing dressing and antibiotic treatment. Conclusions The infective rate of opened scalp injury was relatively high. The staphylococcus aureus was the most common pathogen. Early and thoroughly debridement, nutritional support and applying sensitive antibiotics may further improve clinical effects.
出处
《中华神经外科杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第11期967-969,共3页
Chinese Journal of Neurosurgery
关键词
地震
颅脑损伤
细菌感染
细菌培养
Earthquake
Craniocerebral trauma
Bacterial infections
Germ culture
