摘要
目的了解小儿慢性肾功能不全的病因及临床特点。方法回顾了我院收治的11例慢性肾功能不全患儿,男7例,女4例,年龄最小4个月,最大14岁,平均5岁。大于5岁小儿5例,小于1岁小儿6例。结果6例小婴儿慢性肾功能不全中婴儿型多囊肾1例,双肾发育不全1例,先天性肾病综合征1例,双肾发育异常伴尿道瓣膜、室间隔缺损、胆总管囊肿各1例。多以肾外症状就诊如:生长发育迟缓、腹包块、抽风、贫血等。5例较大的小儿为膀胱输尿管尿液返流Ⅳ级伴返流型肾病1例,原发性肾病综合征伴肾衰2例,慢性间质性肾炎1例,肾固缩1例,肥胖相关性肾病1例。结论小婴儿慢性肾功能不全多由先天性肾发育畸形所致,且多以肾外症状为表现,应引起重视。较大的小儿慢性肾功能不全多由获得性肾脏疾患所致;这些患儿如若尿改变不明显,肾功能异常明显,排除肾前、肾后因素所致者,应做肾穿刺活检明确病因。
Objective：Investigate the cause and clinic features of children chronic renal failure.Methods：Reviewed the 11 cases of our children hospital treated with chronic renal failure,7 males,4 famales,the youngest 4 months,the biggest 14-year-old,the average 5-year-old.More than 5-year-old children 5 cases,less than 1-year-old 6 cases.Results：In the small infants chronic renal failure,Polycystic kidney 1 case,Pair of kidneys dysplasia 1 case,Congenital Nephrotic Syndrome 1 case,Pair of kidneys dysplasia with urethra valve 1case,ventricular septal defect 1case,Gallbladdor general director cyst 1case.Most patients to see doctor with the outside kidney symptom,such as：growth and development retardation.abdomen wraps.convulsions,anemia and so on.In 5 cases of larger children,vesicoureteral reflux IV grade with reflux nephropathy 1 case,primary nephrotic syndrom with renal failure 2 cases,chronic interstitial nephritis 1case,kidney contract 1 case,obesity related glomerulopathy 1case.Conclusion：Chronic renal failure of small infants is leaded to congenital development malformation mostly,and presended with symptoms of outside kidney,and should be paid attention.Most acquired kidney diseases result in larger infants chronic renal failure;If urine has no significantly change,kidney obvious abnormality,excluding the prerenal and post-renal factors,these patients should be given renal biopsy in order to definite etiology.
出处
《中国优生与遗传杂志》
2009年第11期122-122,127,共2页
Chinese Journal of Birth Health & Heredity
关键词
慢性肾功能不全
儿童
临床
Chronic renal failure
Children
Cause
Clinic
