摘要
目的了解广东省大中学生伤害危险行为及其影响因素,为制定伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用系统抽样方法,在广东省21个地级市随机抽取106所学校(初中40所,高中40所,中等职业学校20所,大学6所),每所学校每年级随机选取1～2个班整群调查。应用中国疾病预防控制中心儿少/学校卫生中心所提供的《青少年健康危险行为监测》自填式问卷,收集学生的一般情况、15种伤害相关的危险行为(如骑车违规等)和6种健康危险行为(如吸烟和饮酒等)。用快速样本聚类法,根据伤害危险行为发生率将来自中学和大学的共13个年级的学生归为四类,然后对四类别学生人群进行单、多因素logistic回归分析,筛选伤害行为的影响因素。结果共调查22 863名学生,其中男生11 377人(49.8%),女生11 486人(50.2%)。发生伤害危险行为共16 520人,总发生率为72.3%,其中骑车违规(41.2%)、心情郁闷(22.1%)和打架(15.3%)的发生率最高,自杀计划(5.2%)和自杀未遂(1.7%)行为发生率最低。心情郁闷、孤独、失眠报告率在中学阶段随着年级增高呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。多因素logistic回归分析表明有13个影响因素分别进入4个不同数学模型,其中第1、2类学生(初、高中)共同的影响因素有地区(OR:1.11～1.42)、性别(OR:0.62～0.82)、学习成绩(OR:0.55～0.63)、网络成瘾(OR:1.60～2.09)、赌博(OR:1.55～2.09)、饮酒(OR:1.71～1.78)、吸烟(OR:1.47～1.53)和体重(OR:0.87～1.59),而第3、4类学生(不同年级的大学生)共同的影响因素仅有吸毒(OR:5.94～8.82)。结论不同学习阶段和不同年级学生伤害相关的危险行为有所不同,影响因素也存在差别,应进行针对性干预,以降低伤害的发生。
Objective To understand characters of injury -related risk behaviors and their potential influencing factors among high school and college students in Guangdong Province, and to provide evidence for injury prevention. Methods One hundred and six schools （including 40 junior high schools, 40 senior high schools, 20 vocational - technical high schools and 6 colleges） were selected from twenty - one prefecture - level cities in Guangdong Province using systematic sampling. Then one or two classes were selected as study points in each grade of selected schools. Information on students＇demographic characteristics, 15 types of injury - related risk behaviors （ such as violating rules when bicycling） and 6 types of health - related risk behaviors （such as smoking and drinking） were collected using the Questionnaire for Children＇s Health Behavior Survey designed by the Children and Adolescents/School Health Center of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. According to incidences of injury- related risk behaviors, thirteen grade students from high schools and universities were classified into four types using K - means cluster analysis. Then univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were performed in each type of students to screen the influencing factors for injury - related risk behaviors. Results A total of 22 863 students （ 11 377 boys and 11 486 girls） were surveyed. The overall incidence of injury -related risk behaviors was 72. 3%. The top three incidences were violating rules when bicycling （41.2%）, feeling gloomy （22. 1% ） and fighting behaviors （ 15.3% ）, respectively, but the lowest ones were suicide plan （5.2%） and attempted suicide （ 1.7% ） . Self - reported incidences of feeling gloomy, loneliness and insomnia showed a significant increasing trend with increasing grades in high school stage. Multivariate logistic models showed that 13 influencing factors were entered to different mathematic models. Area （ OR ： 1.11 - 1.42 ）, gender （ OR ：0. 62 - 0. 82 ）, learning achievement （ OR ：0. 55 - 0. 63 ）, network addiction （ OR ： 1.60 - 2. 09 ）, gambling （ OR ： 1.55 - 2.09 ）, drinking （ OR ： 1.71 - 1.78 ） , smoking （ OR ： 1.47 - 1.53 ） and weight （ OR ： 0. 87 - 1.59 ） were influencing factors for injury-related risk behaviors to high school students, but taking drugs （OR：5.94-8. 82） was the influencing factors to college students. Conclusion Injury - related risk behaviors and their risk factors varied by learning stage and grade of students. Targeted intervention should be conducted to reduce the injury occurrence in high schools and universities.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2009年第5期22-26,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
