摘要
目的探讨广东省居民文化程度与高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率的相关关系,为制定有针对性的控制措施提供科学依据。方法在全省21个地级市各抽取1个县/区,再运用容量比例概率抽样法(PPS法)确定每个县/区320例调查样本,面对面调查15～69岁居民个人基本情况及对高血压病的知晓、治疗情况,体格检查包括测量血压、身高、体重等。研究对象文化程度分为小学及以下、初中、高中及以上3组,采用多因素logistic回归方法分析不同文化程度与高血压的关系。结果共调查6 585人,其中高血压患者1 514例,高血压粗患病率为23.0%,城市及农村粗患病率分别为21.0%、24.2%(P<0.01),城市高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为34.0%、30.4%、9.3%,农村分别为21.3%、17.0%、1.9%。城市小学及以下、初中、高中及以上文化程度的高血压患病率分别为35.2%、18.3%、12.2%(P<0.01),农村则分别为29.3%、18.0%、16.7%(P<0.01)。多因素logistic分析显示:相对于高中及以上文化程度的人群,城市及农村小学及以下文化程度的人群的高血压患病率较高(P<0.05),OR分别为1.82、1.85;城市小学及以下文化程度的人群知晓率、治疗率、控制率及城市初中文化程度的人群的控制率较低(P<0.05),OR值分别为0.48、0.36、0.39、0.37。结论广东省居民的文化程度越低,高血压患病率越高,知晓率、治疗率、控制率越低,提高全民教育水平有利于高血压的预防控制,健康宣教应侧重低文化程度人群。
Objective To explore the effects of educational attainment levels on the prevalence of hypertension in Guangdong Province. Methods Twenty - one counties or districts were selected in 21 cities of Guangdong Province, and then 320 subjects aged 15 -69 years old in every county or district were selected by PlPS methods. The awareness and treatment of hypertension and social - economic status were investigated by face - to - face interview, and blood pressure, body weight, body height and waistline were measured at the same time. Educational attainment was categorized into three levels： never attained school and primary school （0 -6 years） , middle school （7 -9 years） , high school and above （ 〉 10 years）. Logistic regression were used to analyze the association between educational attainment levels and hypertension. Results A total of 6 585 subjects were selected, of whom 1 514 were screened out with hyperten- sion. The prevalence rate of hypertension was 23.0% ; and 21.0% in urban area and 24. 2% in rural area. The rate of hypertension awareness, treatment and control were 34.0%, 30. 4% and 9. 3% in urban area, but 21. 3% , 17.0% and 1. 9% in rural area, respectively. Hypertension morbidity of low educated, middle educated and high educated individuals were 35.2% , 18.3% and 12. 2% （P 〈0. 01 ）in urban area, but 29. 3% , 18.0% , 16. 7% （P 〈0. 01 ）in rural area. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that： compared with high educated individuals, low educated ones had a higher prevalence rate of hypertension （OR = 1.82 in urban area and 1.85 in rural area, respectively） ; low educated individuals in urban area had lower rates of awareness, treatment and control （ OR = 0. 48, 0. 36 and 0. 39, respectively） ; middle educated individuals in urban area had a lower rate of control （ OR = 0. 37 ）. Conclusion People with lower educational attainment have higher prevalence rate of hypertension, but lower rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Guangdong Province. Education should be focused on people with low educational attainment for prevention and control of hypertension.
出处
《华南预防医学》
2009年第5期9-12,共4页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
