摘要
采用样带法和固定半径样点法对包头民航机场8种生境中的鸟类分别进行了调查研究,共记录到鸟类153种,隶属于16目39科。计算了鸟类群落结构的多样性指数、均匀性指数、优势度、密度、重要值等特征参数,探讨了影响鸟击发生的因素。结果表明,食源、水源、栖息地和繁殖场所是影响该机场及其周边地区鸟类多样性的主要因子。将调查期间记录到的鸟类划分为严重危险、很危险、较危险和一般危险4个等级,其中严重危险的鸟类有家鸽、雨燕、家燕、麻雀等10种,很危险的鸟类有苍鹭、大鵟、喜鹊等31种,较危险的鸟类有凤头鸊鷉、灰鹡鴒、达乌里寒鸦等47种。最后提出了鸟击防范对策及建议。
The present paper is to commit itself to making a survey over the birdstrike situation and species of birds in Baotou Civilian Airport surrounding areas from July, 2006 till August, 2007, with a method known as line transect and sample point. The survey area is divided into three sections known as A, B, C with 8 habitats. The survey has made us conclude that there are 153 species of birds which were living in the area as was registered. Among them, 39 were taken as families of 16 orders, in which 31 were considered to be residential species, while 67 summer were relegated to migrant species, with 47 put into categories of traveling species and 8 winter migrant species. Based on the principle of community ecology, the community parameters, including Shannon-wiener index, species evenness index, dominance and important value were taken for analysis. Next, the paper discussed the influencing factors on the birdstrike . The resubs indicate that food, water, avian habitat and the reproduction condition should all be put into the key factors that may determine the change of avian diversity at the airport and its surrounding areas. The survey of the birds species could be divided into four types, including Great Comorant, Whooper Swan, Common Kestrel, etc. The tree sparrow can be taken as a serious hazard-bringing one to influence the routine flight security, whereas the 31 bird species including Grey Heron, White Spoonbill, less hazardous species to flight Security. The serious hazard-causing birds and badly hazard birds are those who need meliorating at first, because these are commonly found in the grass near the airport runway, and sometimes even aerossing the runway. The focus of the preventive regionals has been found near the Nanhaizi lake and along the Yellow River area with the focus of the preventive seasons being set the spring and autumn, because in those seasons, large flocks of migratory waterfowl flying across the airport clearance zone for their migration. And, finally, effective preventive measures have been proposed for this Airport to take so as to get rid of birthstrike disasters.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期120-127,共8页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
生态学
鸟类
群落结构
鸟击防范
包头民航机场
ecology
avian
community structure
birdstrike avoidance
Baotou Civilian Airport
