摘要
目前国外学术界流行着一种观点,即伊拉克存在着威权主义的政治文化,历史上没有民主实践。伊拉克历史被叙述为威权主义的延续,其政治动员依赖中央权威的巩固与加强,国家机构是鼓动民众支持政府的工具。实际上持此观点的学者只是关注了1958年以来的伊拉克历史,忽视了1921—1958年伊拉克哈希姆王朝的历史事实。本文①认为,伊拉克哈希姆王朝的"民主实践"表现为政党政治的发展与议会生活的变迁。"民主实践"虽然随着哈希姆王朝的终结而失败,但在伊拉克历史上占有重要的地位。
A popular viewpoint is highlighted presently in the field of overseas academia that an authoritarian political culture has prevailed in Iraq which has no democratic traditions or practice in its history.Iraq is historically depicted as a continuation of authoritarianism with its political mobilization relying on the consolidation and reinforcement of central authority.State organizations are a tool to agitate masses in supporting the government.Actually with the mere focus on Iraq since 1958,the scholars have ignored the historical reality of the Hashemite monarchy from 1921 to 1958.In the form of the development of party politics and the vicissitude of the council,the democratic practice of the Hashemite monarchy plays an important role in Iraq,though it comes to nothing with the termination of the monarchy.
出处
《世界历史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第5期78-85,共8页
World History
基金
国家社科基金青年项目:<伊拉克复兴党民族主义的理论与实践研究>的阶段性成果
项目编号为06CSS005
