摘要
基于黄土高原及周边地区74个气象站1952-2001年降水量数据,计算各站年降水量线性趋势系数,利用ArcGIS地统计模块普通Kriging插值法生成黄土高原地区1952-2001年年降水量和年降水量线性趋势表面,分析年降水量、年降水量线性趋势表面时空分布特征与10年尺度降水量带动态变化。结果表明,黄土高原地区1952-2001年平均年降水量(426.69±67.85)mm,年降水量和年降水量线性趋势存在显著时空分异;年降水量由西向东线性增加,从南到北二次曲线递减,总体上东南西北方向递减;10年尺度平均年降水量减少趋势明显,递减率-10.019 mm/10 a,期间累计减少1227.33 mm;200,400,600 mm降水线南移,干旱半干旱区面积不显著扩大,湿润半湿润区显著缩小,气候呈干旱化趋势;年降水量线性趋势系数从-4.10 mm/a到4.46 mm/a,平均-0.98 mm/a,降水量呈增加趋势地区面积16.36万km2,呈减少趋势地区面积46.27万km2,分占黄土高原地区总面积26.12%和73.88%。
Annual precipitation data and their linear trend coefficients were collected and produced at 74 climate stations in or around loess plateau region from 1952 to 2001 which were interpolated in ArcGIS 9.3 using geostatistical method.Results analyzing the surfaces of annual precipitation,linear trend coefficients and precipitation regions at a ten year scale showed that variability of annual precipitation and precipitation linear trend coefficients was obvious in spatial and temporal fields.Annual precipitation in loess plateau region from 1952 to 2001 was（426.69±67.85） mm.Annual precipitation decreased linearly from east to west,parabolically from south to north and in general from southeast to northwest.Lapse rate of averaged annual precipitation was-10.019 mm/10 a and accumulated decreased precipitation amount was 1 227.33 mm in the period.Annual precipitation linear trend coefficients was from-4.10 mm/a to 4.46 mm/a in the region,mean of which was-0.98 mm/a.Area with a positive coefficient was 163 600 km2 mainly located in the north and west which was 26.12% of the total region and area with minus coefficient was 462 700 km2 mainly located in the middle and south of the region.Precipitation contour lines of 200,400,600 mm moved south continuously in the period,so area of humid and semi humid region decreased yet that of arid and semi-arid region increased obviously.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期143-146,共4页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
中国科学院西部行动计划(二期)项目"黄土高原退耕还林(草)环境效应与效益评价"(KZCX2-XB2-05-03)
中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-421)
关键词
黄土高原地区
年降水量
时空动态
趋势分析
loess plateau region annual precipitation special and temporal dynamics trends analysis
