摘要
目的了解我院2005年-2008年临床分离病原菌变迁及耐药情况，为指导II缶床合理用药提供参考依据。方法采用Vitek-32全自动微生物分析仪及纸片扩散法对分离菌进行鉴定及药敏实验。结果4年临床分离菌株共3973株，其中革兰阳性菌占30．41％，革兰阴性菌占69．59％。革兰阴性菌所占比例逐年增高，与肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌所占比例逐年增多有关。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌ESBLs检出率分别为32．3％和20．1％，对碳青霉烯类、头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、哌拉西林／三唑巴坦敏感性高。铜绿假单胞菌对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦、美罗培南耐药率在逐年增高。金葡菌检出率逐年增多，2008年还出现耐万古霉素的金葡菌和溶血葡萄球菌菌株。粪肠球菌和屎肠球菌对万古霉素耐药率分别为1．0％和2．3％，屎肠球菌耐药程度比粪肠球菌高。结论细菌耐药现象严重，定期进行耐药性监测有助于了解细菌变迁及耐药性情况，为临床用药提供理论依据。
Objective To analyze the clinically isolated bacterial tendency and drug resistance from 2005 to 2008 in our hospital, so as to provide guidance for rational use of antimierobial drugs. Methods The identification of bacteria and bacteria susceptibility test were performed using automatic bioanalysis-Vitek-32 and Kirby-Bauer method. Results Of 3973 bacterial strains were collected during the period of four years, Gram-positive bacteria and Gram- negative bacteria accounted for 30.41% and 69.59% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria increased year by year were relevant to increasing of Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophonomas maltophilia. The detection rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia isolates were 32.3% and 20. 1% respectively. Carbapenem, cefoperazone-sulbactam and pipperacillin-tazobactam remained highly active against Escherichia coli and KlebsieUa pneumonia. Resistant rates of Pseudomonas aeuroginosa to cefoperazone-sulbactam and meropenem increased year by year. The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus increased year by year. Vancomycin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus hemolyticus were detected in 2008. Resistant rates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcusfaecium to vancomycin were 1.0% and 2.3%. Resistant rates of Enterococcus faecium were higher than those of Enterococcus faecalis. Conclusion Bacterial resistance was very serious. Regular surveillance of bacterial resistance is important for us to realize the bacterial tendency and drug resistance for rational antimicrobial therapy.
出处
《中国抗生素杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第10期632-636,共5页
Chinese Journal of Antibiotics
关键词
细菌药敏试验
耐药性
细菌
合理用药
Bacterial susceptibility test
Bacterial resistance
Bacteria
Rational use of antimicrobial drugs
