摘要
目的为了解肇庆市人群病毒性肝炎血清流行病学现状和流行规律，并为制定预防控制策略和正确使用疫苗控制该类疾病提供依据。方法采取分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法，全市分3层，抽取了15个村（或居委），共1698人作为研究样本。用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测抗-HAVIgG、抗-HBs、抗-HBc、抗-HCVIgG、抗-HDV、抗-HEVIgG；用固相放射免疫（SPRIA）法检测HBsAg。结果全市抗-HAV标化流行率15．48％，HBV标化流行率72．82％，抗-HCV标化流行率25．26％，抗-HEV标化流行率11．92％；甲、乙、丙肝标化流行率城镇低于农村，而抗-HEV的标化流行率城镇高于农村；甲、乙肝标化流行率有随年龄增长而升高的趋势。抗-HAV流行率男性（15．36％）低于女性（8．44％）（χ^2=16．55，P=0．000）;HBV流行率男性（41．31％）高于女性（34．11％）（χ^2=8．524，P=-0．004）抗HCV流行率男性（35．90％）高于女性（24．50%）（χ^2=23．337，P=-0．000）抗-HEY流行率男性（11．70％）与女性（9．77％）差异无显著的统计学意义。各型肝炎病毒混合感染情况：双重型别肝炎病毒混合感染者占26．39％，3个型别肝炎病毒混合感染者占5．81％。结论肇庆市是全省病毒性肝炎高发区和高感染区，流行的主要类型是HBV和HCV；甲肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理近8年，1．9岁儿童抗-HAV阳性率较高，乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理近15年，〈15岁儿童乙肝感染率较低。
Objective To know about the epidemic situation of virus hepatitis and Popular law in Zhaoqing City.Provide theoretic Basis for the prevention of virus hepatitis.Methods Three stratifications including seven counties. 15 villages and 1698 residents were drew out by the method of multistage stratified and randomized sampling.Anti-HAV IgG, anti-HCV IgG, and anti -HEV IgG in blood samples were detected using ELISA method .HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in blood samples were detected by SPRIA method.ReBults The standardized prevalence rate of hepatitis A, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and hepatitis E were15.48%, 72.82%, 25. 26%, 11.92%.The standardized prevalence rates of hepatitis A, B, and C in city were lower than the rates in village.But the standardized prevalence rate of hepatitis E in urban is higher than in villagers.The prevalence rate of hepatitis A and B increased with the age.The prevalence rate of hepatitis A was higher in female（15.36%） than in male （8.44%）.The prevalence rate of hepatitis A was higher in female （41.31%） than in male （34.11%）.The prevalence rate of hepatitis A was higher in female（35.90%）than in male（24.50%）.The prevalence rate of hepatitis A was higher in female（11.70%）than in male（9.77%）.The differences in prevalence rate of hepatitis E between female and male were not significant.Concluaiona The result revealed some epidemic characters of virus hepatitis in Zhaoqing City. Suggested that since the hepatitis A vaccine was brought into expanded program on immunization （EPI） for near eight years, HAV infection rate had been decreased evidently in children（1 ～ 9）.since the hepatitis B vaccine was brought into expanded program on immunization（EPI）for near fifteen years, HBV infection rate had been decreased evidently in children（less than 15 years）.
出处
《国际医药卫生导报》
2009年第17期109-114,共6页
International Medicine and Health Guidance News
