摘要
于2006年11月和2007年4月对南麂列岛8条潮间带断面开展了底栖生物调查。结果表明,共鉴定出底栖生物191种,其中软体动物84种,藻类46种,多毛类23种,甲壳动物28种,棘皮动物5种,其它动物5种。从季节来看,春季航次物种数、平均生物量和平均栖息密度(分别为164种、8890.76g/m2、3436ind/m2)明显多于秋季航次(121种、3642.10g/m2、1657ind/m2);而从不同底质来看,平均物种数、平均生物量和平均栖息密度岩礁断面(分别为54种、8318.78g/m2、3354ind/m2)都明显高于泥质(27种、154.46g/m2、185ind/m2)和沙质断面(8种、64.30g/m2、66ind/m2)。从垂直分布来看,南麂列岛潮间带底栖生物分带明显,平均生物量中潮区(7278.41g/m2)大于低潮区(6684.14g/m2)大于高潮区(4836.77g/m2),平均栖息密度为中潮区(3386ind/m2)大于高潮区(2908ind/m2)大于低潮区(1347ind/m2)各断面的生物多样性指数变化范围为0.97-3.10,种丰富度指数为0.54-4.91,均匀度指数为0.48-0.90,辛普森优势度指数为0.52-0.94。最后通过分析发现,底栖生物的分布特征受栖息的环境、季节的变化以及人类活动等不同程度综合因素的影响,这些因素不仅影响底栖生物生物量和栖息密度时空分布,而且改变了群落的结构特征。
To assess the human impact on local intertidal benthos spatiotemporal distribution in Nanji islands, a national marine natural reserve of China, of Zhejiang, in the East China Sea, eight sections （including 6 rocky sections, 1 muddy section, 1 sandy section） were investigated in November 2006 and April 2007. 191 species were identified and analyzed, including species of 84 mollusc, 46 macroalgae, 23 polychetes, 28 carapace, 5 echinoderm, and 5 others. The investigation results show that the species number, average biomass, and inhabit density are higher in spring （164 species, 8890.76g/m^2, 3436ind/m^2, respectively） than those in autumn （121 species, 3642.10g/m^2, 1657ind/m^2, respectively）; and the three parameters are much greater in rocky sections for 54 species, 8318.78g/m^2, 3354ind/m^2 than those in muddy sec- tion for 27 species, 154.46g/m^2, 185ind/m^2 and the sandy section for 8 species, 64.30g/m^2, 66ind/m^2, respectively. Vertical distribution of the intertidal benthos are zonal and the highest average biomass was found in middle tide zone （7278.41g/m^2）, which is greater than that in low tide zone （6684.14g/m^2） and high tide zone （4836.77g/m^2）. Similarly, the average inhabit density is the highest in middle tide zone （3386ind/m^2）, next in high tide zone （2908ind/m^2）, and the least in low tide zone （1347ind/m^2）. The biodiversity index varies 0.97--3.10; the index of Margalef＇s species richness are 0.54-- 4.91; the Pielou＇s evenness are 0.48--0.90; and the index of Simpson＇s dominance are 0.52--0.94. These parameters clealy show that the human activity has caused a serious impact in the area： the community structure became very unstable, although this is the result of multiple factors, including habitat, seasonality, and human activity and so on. The human impact are mainly from overfishing and tourism.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第5期584-589,共6页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
基金
联合国开发计划署-全球环境基金-中国政府"中国南部沿海生物多样性管理"资助项目
SCCBD-HT007号
SCCBD-HT010号
