摘要
试验设在半湿润偏旱的山西寿阳旱农试区，主要探讨了旱地春玉米地采取少耕、免耕及覆盖等不同保护耕作措施的抗风蚀作用、保持土壤水分的效果及其对春玉米出苗、产量和水分利用效率的影响，从而提出适于寿阳及其同类型区的两套春玉米地保护耕作体系：（１）少（免）耕秸秆覆盖结合喷施除草剂，即当年玉米秸秆站立收穗后，秸秆推倒免耕或秸秆推倒间隔深松，次年采用免耕播种机施肥和播种并结合喷除草剂。（２）秋耕结合翻压秸秆和肥料，次年春季返浆期耙耱，并在播前进行地表镇压，采用机播或畜播。这两套保护耕作体系有利于减轻水土流失，节省能源，增加作物产量，提高水分利用效率。
The field experiments were conducted in the dry farming experimental site located in Shouyang, Shanxi Province in the semi humid arid area. The paper discussed the effects of conservation tillage systems (reduced tillage or no till and mulching) in spring corn field on wind erosion control, water conservation, spring corn seedling emergence, yield and water use efficiency (WUE). The field experimental results suggested to develop 2 conservation tillage systems suitable for spring corn in Shouyang and other similar dryland areas: (1) using the reduced tillage or no till with stalk mulching combined with weed control by herbicides, which was practiced through no till or subsoiling between rows (at 60 cm interval) in the fields covered with the whole corn stalks after harvest in the fall, and in the next year the spring seeding and fertilizer application would be conducted with no till planter and herbicides be spread; (2) the straw and fertilizer would be plowed up after harvest in the fall, next year harrowing in the spring and rolling before sowing, then seeding would be done by machines or by the animal drawn. The 2 conservation tillage systems showed promise in reducing water and soil erosion, saving energy, increasing corn yield, and improving water use efficiency.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期41-46,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
国家"八五"旱农攻关项目
关键词
保护耕作
玉米
旱地
耕作措施
conservation tillage, dryland, spring corn
