摘要
文章2007年4月至5月期间对乌鲁木齐鲤鱼山公园(山顶87°34′759″E,40°50′566″N,山中坡87°34′716″E,43°50′577″N,山下坡87°34′488″E,43°50′993″N)三个不同海拔高度的土壤动物进行取样调查。本次调查共获大、中、小型土壤动物共3171只,经初步分类鉴定隶属于4门、10纲、19目,调查表明不同生境下,土壤动物的群落组成也不同,在三个不同海拔高度的土壤动物个体数量顺序为:山下坡(1493)>山中破(941)>山顶(737)。类群数量顺序为:山中坡(20)>山顶(18)>山下坡(16)。调查发现真螨目为优势类群,弹尾目、综合目、正蚓目、膜翅目、鳞翅目、等足目、柄眼目、双翅目、地蜈蚣目、鞘翅目、革翅目等11类为常见类群,其余的为稀有类群。同时对其不同海拔高度土壤动物个体数、类群数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Simpson优势度指数等群落结构指标进行分析并讨论,在不同高度和不同生境土壤动物各类群之间存在差异,并垂直分布调查发现具有明显的表聚特征,即从地表向下,随着深度的增加土壤动物类群和个体数量逐渐减少。
An investigation was made on the soil fauna along an altitudinal gradient in the Liyushar Park in Urumqi in April and May, 2007. Across the altitudinal gradient, a total of 3171 individuals belonging to 4 phyla, 10 classes and 19 orders were collected. With increasing altitude, the density of soil fauna decreased, but the group number was less affected. The sequence of total density was Mountair downhill（1493）〉Mountain slope（941）〉 Peak（737）,and the sequences of group number was Mountair slope （20）〉 Peak （18）〉 Mountain downhill（16）. The individual densities and group numbers mainly lived in the layer of 0-5 cm in the soil profile, and vegetation type considerably change the composition of the soil fauna community. The findings also suggested that the dominant group is Acariform , and Collembola, Symphyla, Lumbricida, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Isopoda, Stylommatophora, Diptera, Geophilomorpha , Coteoptera , Dermaptera are common groups , and the others is belong to rare groups. Soil animals had different responses to the upland habitats,soil pollution degree and aboveground vegetation structure perhaps influenced the ecological structure of soil animal community . We also analyzed those soil animals＇ Shannon-Wiener species diversity index （H）, Pielou evenness index （E） and Simpson dominance index （C） ,and found the significant differences among them.
出处
《新疆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2009年第3期19-25,共7页
Journal of Xinjiang Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition)
关键词
鲤鱼山
土壤动物
群落结构
Liyushan park
Soil fauna
Community structure
