摘要
昆虫经诱导盾产生灭菌肽的研究近年来已有很大进展,有关这方面的研究工作绝大多数都是以有翅亚纲内生翅类鳞翅目(主要是蚕类)昆虫和少数双翅目昆虫为材料。本文首次以有翅亚纲外生翅类蜚蠊目的美洲蜚蠊(Ptriplaneta americana L.)为实验昆虫,用Escherichia coil K_(12) strain D_(31)作诱导源,对不同发育期、不同性别、不同成虫期的蜚蠊进行诱导后,采用含菌培养基平板测活方法,就存在个体数及能产生抗菌物质的个体数进行了初步的研究。发现成虫日龄在10天之内的雄性蜚蠊能够产生抗菌物质的个体百分比最高。抗菌物质出现的高峰期是在诱导后第三、四天。用滴滴涕和溴氰菊酯作诱导源对雄性蜚蠊的诱导实验表明,杀虫剂也能诱导蜚蠊产生抗菌物质,而且所诱导产生抗菌物质的活性强度(用抑菌圈直径表示)高于大肠杆菌所诱导的。滴滴涕和溴氰菊酯的重复诱导可提高蜚蠊产生抗菌物质个体百分比。蜚蠊经诱导后产生的抗菌物质具有广谱性,对苏云金杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌及绿脓杆菌等有较强的抗菌活性,而对大肠杆菌D_(31)、大肠杆菌、粘质沙雷氏杆菌和溶壁微球菌等有较弱的抗菌活性。用肽类物质的指纹图谱法分离蜚蠊血淋巴抗菌物质,发现经诱导后血淋巴中确有新的肽类物质产生,该物质具抗菌活性,用DABITC法分析,?
Studies of insect antibacterial peptides (ABP) have made rapid progress in recent years. Until now, all the insects used in the investigations belong to Holometabola including Lepido-ptera and Diptera. The present work is the first to report the induction of ABP in a hemimeta-bolous insect, the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. Studies on the influence of sex, developmental stage and age of the cockroach on its ability to respond the challenge of Esceri-chia colt strain D31 showed that the male adults less than 10 days after emergence possessed the greatest potential in producing ABP. The antibacterial activity was the highest at 72 to 96 hours after the treatment.Insecticides could also induce the production of ABP in this species. Repeated treatments with DDT or deltamethrin could increase the number of individuals responding to the induction. The cockroach ABP was found to have a broad antibacterial spectrum, being highly effective against Bacillus thuringiensis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus sub-tilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and less effective against E. colt strain D31, E. coli, Serratia marsescens, and Microcoseius lysodeikieus.Comparing the finger prints of haemolymph peptides of untreated cockroaches and those treated with DDT, five new ninhydrin positive substances were produced in the haemolymph of the treated cockroaches. At least one of the new substances showed antibacterial activity. The N-terminal amino acid of this substance was lysine, as determined with the DAB1TC method.
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第1期7-13,共7页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
关键词
蜚蠊
抗菌肽
诱导
分离
Periplanela americana--antibacterial peptide
