1Bandera E, Botteri M, Minelli C, et al. Cerebral blood flow threshold of ischemic penumbra and infarct core in acute ischemic stroke : a systematic review. Stroke ,2006,37 : 1334-1339.
2Lassen NA, Vorstrup S. Ischemic penumabra results in incomplete infarction: is the sleeping beauty dead. Stroke, 1984, 15:755- 758.
3Sharp FR, Lu A, Tang Y, et al. Multiple molecular penumbras after focal cerebral ischemia. Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2000, 20 : 1011-1032.
4Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. N Engl J Med, 1995, 333:1581-1587.
5Clark WM, Wissman S, Albers GW, et al. Recombinant tissuetype plasminogen activator (Alteplase) for ischemic stroke 3 to 5 hours after symptom onset. The ATLANTIS Study: a randomized controlled trial. Aheplase Thrombolysis for Acute Noninterventional Therapy in Ischemic Stroke. JAMA, 1999, 282:2019-2026.
6Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, et al. Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplace in acute ischemic stroke (ECASS Ⅱ). Lancet, 1998, 352 : 1245-1251.
7Furlan A, Higashida R, Wechsler L, et al. Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT Ⅱ study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA, 1999, 282:2003-2011.
8Wang Y, Liao X, Zhao X, et al. Imaging-based thrombolysis trial in acute ischemic stroke-Ⅱ ( ITAIS-Ⅱ). Int J Stroke, 2009, 4 : 49-53.
9Gasparotti R, Grassi M, Mardighian D, et al. Perfusion CT in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intra-arterial thrombolysis: predictive value of infarct core size on clinical outcome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, 2009, 30:722-727.
2The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group.Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke.N Engl J Med,1995,333:1581-1588.
3The ECASS study Group.Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke:the European cooperative acute stroke study (ECASS).JAMA,1995,274:1017-1025.
4Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke:the seventh ACCP conference on antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy.Chest,2004,126:483-512.
5Hacke W,Bluhmki E,Steiner T,et al.Dichotomized efficacy end global end-point analysis applied to the ECASS Ⅰ.Stroke,1998,29:2073-2075.
6Berger C,Fiorelli M,Steiner T,et al.Hemorrhagic transformation of ischemic brain tissue:asymptomatic or symptomatic? Stroke,2001,32:1330-1335.
7Brandt T,von Kummer R,Muller-Kuppers M,et al.Thrombolytic therapy of acute basilar artery occlusion.Variables affecting recanalization and outcome.Stroke,1996,27:875-881.
8Memezawa H,Simith ML,Siesjo BK.Penumbral tissue salvaged by reperfusion following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats.Stroke,1992,23:552-559.
9Overgarrd K,Sereglry T,Boysell G,et al.Reduction of infarct volume by thrombolysis with rt-PA in an embolic rat stroke mobel.Scand J Clin Lab invest,1993,353:383-389.
10Brott TG,Haley EC,Levy DE,et al.Urgent therapy for stroke.part Ⅰ.Pilot study of tissue plasminogen activator administered with in 90 minutes.Stroke,1992,23:632-640.
