摘要
以土壤含水率下限作为灌水控制指标，即60％～70％占田持，灌水定额为15mm，研究了小管出流、渗灌、滴灌与沟灌4种灌溉方式下温室内湿度的变化趋势以及对青椒生长情况的影响，并分析了不同灌溉方式下的作物病虫害发病率以及灌溉方式和温室内大气湿度的相关性。结果表明，灌溉方式和温室内大气湿度相关性显著，不同灌溉方式下的湿度差异明显，其中渗灌条件下温室的大气湿度最低。温室内温度和湿度呈异步变化，当温室温度控制在25～28℃范围内，可使温室内的湿度保持在低水平范围内，减少病虫害发生。渗灌条件下作物病虫害的发生率最小，与小管出流较接近，比沟灌降低约35％；而且渗灌条件下青椒的产量最高，为34650kg／hm^2。滴灌、渗灌和小管出流较沟灌增产分别为17％、39％、34％。
The control of moisture in greenhouse is an important factor to reduce crop diseases and insect pests and improve crop yield. Taking soil moisture （60 %- 70% ,the percentage of field moisture capacity） as the control index for irrigation in the experiment, and the irrigating quota was 15 mm, this paper stud- ied the effect of air moisture variety on the growth of pepper in the greenhouse. Moreover, analyzed the incidence of crop pests diseases respectively under small tube flow, infiltration irrigation, drip irrigation and furrow irrigation. The results show that the relevance between the air moisture and irrigation methods is obvious. The variety of temperature and moisture are opposite, when the temperature of greenhouse is controlled between 25℃ and 28 ℃, the moisture is lower. And the air moisture in greenhouse is the lowest under infiltration irrigation, the incidence of crop diseases and insect pests is close to that under small tube flow and 35% lower than that under furrow irrigation; and the yield （34650 kg/hm^2） is the highest under infiltration irrigation. The yield of drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation and small tube flow are 17 %, 39 %. 34 % higher than furrow irrigation respectively.
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期45-47,共3页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
辽宁省科技厅农业攻关重大项目(20080112-311)
辽宁省节水农业重点实验室开放研究基金
关键词
温室
湿度
灌溉方式
生长性状
病虫害
greenhouse
moisture
irrigation methods
growth traits
crop diseases and insect pests
