摘要
目的评估实习护生职业防护知识与技能培训的效果。方法实习前护理部分别对全院带教教师及护生进行职业防护知识及14项常见技能示范培训,实习中期自制调查表采用方便抽样法对122名护生及26名临床带教教师进行跟踪调查,分析影响知识掌握的主观、客观因素。结果不同学历护生在防护用具使用、接触体液戴手套、处理针头、处理锐器、操作前后手卫生、手受伤是否戴手套等6项职业防护知识方面存在统计学差异(P<0.05,P<0.01);护生与带教教师在护生自身知识缺乏、没有进行相关培训、防护评估不到位及医院防护用具未配备4项上存在统计学差异(P<0.05,P<0.01);带教教师对护生职业防护知识培训结果最差的2项为护生发生职业伤害后上报记录的完整性和发现护生发生职业伤害的及时性。结论护生对职业危害有一定的认识,但重视程度不够,实习中带教教师应不断强化对护生职业防护知识及操作技能培训。
Objective To evaluate the effects of training on knowledge and skill of occupational protection in nursing students. Methods Before the internship, the nursing department gave theoretical lessons and demonstrated 14 common skills for occupational protection to both instructors and students. During the intermediate period, a self-designed questionnaire was conducted to 122 students and 26 nursing instructors by convenience sampling, and the subjective and objective factors which influenced knowledge acquired was analyzed. Results The mastery of knowledge in different categories of nursing students showed significant differences in 6 aspects as follows： use of protective appliance, wearing gloves before touching body fluid, needles and sharp instrument disposal, washing hands before and after nursing care and wearing gloves with wounded hand （P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. As for the factors influencing students＇ mastery of occupational protection, the cognition of items that students＇ lack of protection knowledge, without related training, incorrect evaluation of protection, and lack of protective appliance in hospital showed significant difference between the nursing students and the nursing instruetors（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion The nursing students have partial awareness on the occupational dangers, but they do not pay sufficient attention to it; nursing instructors should continuously cultivate the occupational protection knowledge and skill of nursing students during internship.
基金
上海交大护理学院高地子课题(Jyh0803)
关键词
护理
学生
职业防护
知识培训
效果评估
nursing students
occupational protection
knowledge training
effect evaluation
