摘要
根据毒理学试验数据讨论四氯乙烯急性吸入毒性的剂量-反应关系。首先总结了有关四氯乙烯急性暴露的毒理学试验数据,并利用分类回归的方法,得出了小鼠、大鼠与人类暴露于四氯乙烯时,暴露时间、暴露浓度与健康后果之间的关系,同时分析了不同受试动物的种间差异。结果表明,健康效应的发生概率随暴露浓度和时间的增大而增大,而当暴露浓度达到某一值的时候,健康后果的发生概率不再随浓度变化而变化,将这一浓度视为饱和浓度;不利效应(AE)对应的饱和浓度要低于剧烈效应(SE),且暴露时间越长,饱和浓度则越低,同时饱和浓度随受试动物的不同而变化,人类的饱和浓度最低,大鼠的则最高。
This paper is mainly engaged in finding the relation between the acute inhalation toxicity of tetrachloroethylene and the response of the inhalator to the toxic exposure by means of the Categorical Regression. It has also summarized a number of studies of acute exposure to tetrachloroethylene in other cases. For our purpose, we have adopted a categorical regression approach under given level of severity and integrated different toxicological and epidemiological data so as to work out the probability of specified response with regard to a certain concentration and duration of exposure. And then we have also tested and measured the dose-response curve of tetrachloroethylene for rat, mouse and human subjects with the relation among the exposure coneentration, duration and the probability of certain health effect diseussed. The conclusive data gained by us is that the exposure I,.ngth of time can be chosen as 10 min, 30 min, 60 min, 4 h and 8 h in reference to the Acute Exposure Guideline Levels of Environmental Protection Agency, US. In addition, analysis and discussion were done over the difference among species as well as the consideration of different severity and the curves indicating the probability of the adverse effect （AE） and severe effect （SE）. However, it has been found that, when the exposure concentration reached a certain threshold, the probability of adverse and severe effect would no longer change with the variation of concentration, when the threshold was taken as the saturation concentration, ,shich proved to be different among species with the threshold for AE being smaller than that for SE. Furthermore, the relation between health effect of rat and exposure duration indicates that when the duration of the time lasted 4 or 8 h, the probability of adverse effect would no longer change significantly. The concentrations corresponding to AE and SE with the probability being 0.8 for rat and mouse imply that there likely exist linear relations, which are approximately 10 times and 2.6 times respectively. In addition, human beings prove to be more sensitive to tetrachloroethylene than the other animals, with a sharp accumulative effect proven in human bodies.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第4期5-9,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(200603746006)
关键词
毒理学
暴露浓度
暴露时间
分类回归
四氯乙烯
toxicology
exposure concentration
exposure duration
categorical regression
tetrachloroethylene
