摘要
以牛粪和蘑菇渣为原料进行好氧堆肥,研究接种外源菌剂对堆肥中微生物数量和酶活变化的影响,为微生物菌剂的应用和堆肥工艺的改进提供依据。结果表明,加菌处理微生物数量高于CK处理。堆肥中酶活分析结果表明,各类酶活变化趋势有所不同。其中过氧化氢酶是由低到高的趋势,堆肥中加入外源菌剂对过氧化氢酶活性没有影响,加菌和CK处理最终活性为原始值的2倍以上;脲酶和纤维素酶的变化趋势都是先升高,再降低。加菌和CK处理脲酶活性峰值分别为37.38和30.17mgNH3-N·g-·124h-1;纤维素酶活性峰值分别是51.84和30.62μg·min-1,外源菌剂对二者酶活性均有明显提高。转化酶也是由高到低的变化趋势,但出现两个波峰。加菌处理转化酶活性峰值分别在第3和第14d出现,峰值为14.20和21.70mg葡萄糖·g-·124h-1;CK处理出现在第3和第21d,其峰值分别为11.77和20.71mg葡萄糖·g-·124h-1。外源菌剂不仅可提高转化酶活性,还可以使其提前到达峰值。多酚氧化酶与其他酶有较大差别,它是降低-升高-降低的趋势。加菌和CK处理多酚氧化酶活性峰值分别为36.30和47.55mg没食子素·g-·13h-1。以上结果表明,在好氧堆肥中接种外源菌剂可以加快堆肥中有机质分解和转化,促进腐熟。
The objective of this study was to determine if addition of select VT strain inoculums could increase microbial populations and enzyme activity. Counts of microorganisms and enzyme activity during aerobic composting of cow feces and mushroom scraps inoculated with VT were monitored over 30 days. The results showed that microbial populations in the VT-amended treatment were higher than in the control （ CK ）. The microbial counts fluctuated over time, increasing and decreasing as composting progressed. At the end of the composting process, the total bacterial and fungal counts were lower than the corresponding total counts at the start of the composting process. However, the final counts of antinomycetes were higher than the initial counts. The activities of atalase, urease and cellulase varied between the VT-amended treatment and the CK. But, there were no substantial differences in catalase activity between VT-amended treatment and CK during the 30 days of composting. At the end of day 30, the catalase activity in both VT-amended and CK treatments was double that measured at the beginning of the composting process. Urease and cellulase activities in the VT-amended treatment initially increased, and then decreased as composting progressed. The peak activity for urease was 37.38 NH3-N mg·g^-1·24 h^-1 in the VT-amended treatment and 30.17 NH3-N mg·g^-1·24 h^-1 in the control sample at 3 day. The peak activity for cellulase was 51.84 μg·min^-1 in the VT-amended treatment at 5 day and 30.62 μg·min^-1 in the CK at 3 day, The peaks of saccharase activity occurred for the VT-amended treatment and the CK at different days changed during the composting. For the VT-amended treatments, peaks occurred at day 3 （ 14.20 mg GLU.g^-1·24 h^-l） and day 14 （21.70 mg GLU·g^-1·24 h^-1 ）. For the CK, peaks occurred at day 3 （ 11.77mg GLU·g^-1·24 h^-1 ） and day 21 （20.71 mg GLU·g^-1·24 h^-1）, indicating that adding VT might have not only significantly increased saccharase activity, but also led to the occurrence of the earlier enzyme activity peak values. The observed activity trend for polyphenol oxidase was different than other enzymes. Peak values were 36.30 mg Gallic acid·g^-1·3 h^-1 and 47.55 mg Gallic acid·g^-1·3 h^-1 at 7 day. The results of this study suggest that addition of VT microbial inoculum into composting increase microbial populations and enzyme activity, thus leading to accelerated catabolism and organic matter conversion in the compost piles.Use of VT may provide a new tool for the improvement of the composting industry.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第8期1718-1722,共5页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
广东省农业科技计划项目(2006A20302001)
广东省教育部省部产学研合作项目(2007B090400101)
国家科技支撑计划"珠江三角洲集约化农田循环高效生产技术集成研究与示范"(2007BAD89B14)
关键词
好氧堆肥
微生物
酶活
aerobic composting
microorganism
enzymatic activities
